微积分在经济学中的若干应用 毕业论文.doc

微积分在经济学中的若干应用 摘 要 微积分是人类智慧最伟大的成就之一，局部求近似与极限求精确的基本思想是学习高等数学的基础.随着市场经济的不断发展，利用数学知识解决经济问题显得越来越重要，运用微积分可以对经济活动中的实际问题进行量化分析，从而为企业经营者科学决策的制定提供依据.对企业的经营和决策者来说，在经济分析中应用的方法进行精确、严谨的决策，可以为决策者和经营者提供严谨的分析和新思路，积分模型在经济应用中有较大的发展空间，尤其是当前应用的不断推广通过建立数学模型，是实现高效决策和科学决策的重要路径，也是企业提升自身竞争力的必由之路  ABSTRACT Calculous is one of the greatest achievements of human wisdom, local approximate, limit and precision is the basic idea for further study higher mathematics. With the continuous development of market economy, using of mathematical knowledge to solve economic problems becomes increasingly important, using of the differential and integral on economic activity in the actual problem to carry on quantitative analysis, so as to provide the basis for scientific decision-making of enterprise operators. For enterprise management and decision makers in the economic analysis of calculus, application of quantitative method, precise, rigorous decision-making, can provide decision makers and operators to provide a critical analysis and a new train of thought, integral model in economic application has larger development space, especially the current spreading of the computer application, through the establishment of mathematics model, is to realize the efficient decision-making and scientific decision-making important way, also is the enterprise to improve the competitiveness of the route one must take. Key words: Calculus; Marginal analysis; Resilient functions 目 录 1 引言 ...................................................................1 2 微积分的基本思想----局部求近似、极限求精确 ............................ .1 2.1 微分学的基本思想....................................................2 2.2 积分学的基本思想....................................................2 3 微积分在经济学中的基本应用..............................................2 3.1 边际分析............................................................2 3.2 一般均衡理论中的微积分方法..........................................3 3.3 消费者均衡理论......................................................5 3.4 弹性分析...........