补充例句.ppt

反语就是说反话，正话反说，或反话正说。用相反的词语表达本义，让所说的或所写的跟自己要表达的原意恰好相反。反语有时可以表示人与人之间亲昵的感情，但多数情况下是批判、揭露、警示、讽刺、嘲弄，当然也表示幽默、诙谐的情趣。在一定的语言环境中，运用反语这种修辞手段往往比正面论述更有力，更能发人深思，可以使话语或文章更加有力，深沉幽默，具有感染力，产生特殊的辛辣讽刺、幽默有趣的效果。反语通常采用直译的方法，但当直译不能传情达意时，应采用补偿或变通的意译法。 6. 9 反语与讥讽（Irony Satire） 讥讽就是用比喻夸张的手法，用旁敲侧击或尖刻的话语，对人或事物的错误缺点或某种表现进行指责、揭露、批评或嘲笑。讥讽可分为温和的讽刺和尖刻的讽刺，温和的讽刺常用较为温和、委婉的词语来论述、批评人或事物的正确、聪明、善良等；尖刻的讽刺常用尖刻的语句揭露或讽刺人或事物的错误、愚蠢、丑恶等，但一定要在写作或翻译中把握好分寸。 例1: He plays football all day long during the time of examination. What a diligent student he is! 【译文】在考试期间他整天踢足球，真是够勤奋的！ 例2：The French and the English were so ardent about art that they sent their armies to search for invaluable paintings and sculptures all around the world. 【译文】英国人和法国人都酷爱艺术，不惜派遣军队在世界各地搜罗珍贵的绘画和雕塑品。 例3：Education…has produced a vast population able to read but unable to distinguish what is worth reading. 【译文】教育造就了一大批能读书，却又不会区分什么书值得一读的人。 例4：What a noble illustration of the tender laws of his favoured country! —They let the paupers go to sleep. 【译文】他们竟允许穷人睡觉！——这是多么“高尚”的例证！多么“仁慈”的法律！ 多么可爱的国家。 例5：The most happy marriage I can picture or imagine to myself would be the union of a deaf man to a blind woman. 【译文】我能描绘和想象得出的最美满的婚姻，当是聋男和盲女的结合。 补充例句： 例1： Laws are generally found to be nets of such a texture, as the little creep through, the great break through, and middle-sized are alone entangled in. 【译文】人们通常发现，法网对犯法者是这样的： 小者穿网而过，大者破网而出，只有不大不小的才会坠入网中。 例2：Those who are more thrifty (as I must confess the times require) may flay the carcass; the skin of which artificially dressed will make admirable gloves for ladies, and summer boots for fine gentlemen. (Jonathan Swift: A Modest Proposal ) 【译文】比较省俭的人（我们必须承认这年头需要节约）可以先给孩子的尸体剥皮；皮经过加工，可以做贵妇手套，给绅士做夏天穿的靴子。 补充例句： 例3：They were, in fact, very fine ladies; not deficient in good-humour when they were pleased, nor in the power of being agreeable when they chose it; but proud and conceited. ( J. Austen: Pride and Prejudice) 【译文】其实，她们都是非常好的小姐；她们并不是不会谈笑风生，问题是要在她们高兴的时候；她们也不是不会待人和颜悦色，问