毕业论文-生物柴油(3.3).doc

摘 要 本文主要对利用废食用油制备生物柴油的预酯化–酯交换工艺进行了研究、量为时间为、温度为、量时间为min、温度为可使废的由 mgKOH/g降到mgKOH/g，率达.71%，达到了预期的效果。采用预酯化–酯交换工艺利用废食用油废食用油 Abstract Waste cooking oil ware used to produce biodiesels by pre-esterification and transesterification have been studied in this thesis. Through single factor experiment of pre-esterification, ethanol dosage, the amount of concentrated sulfuric acid catalyst, reaction temperature and reaction time on the esterification rate of trends was determined. Through single factor experiment of transesterification, ethanol dosage, the amount of potassium hydroxide catalyst, reaction temperature and reaction time on the the productivity of crude biodiesel of trends was determined, identify the optimum conditions the waste cooking oil are used to produce biodiesels. The experimental results of pre-esterification show that the pre-esterification optimum conditions: ethanol join amount of 80 mL, catalyst concentrated sulfuric acid join amount of 1 g, the best reaction time is 3 h, the optimum reaction temperature is 70 ℃. The experimental results of transesterification show that the transesterification optimum conditions: ethanol join amount of 60 mL, catalyst potassium hydroxide join amount of 1 g, the best reaction time was 40 min, the optimum reaction temperature is 70 ℃. Under this condition, the acid value of 50 mL waste cooking oil decline from 40.27 mgKOH / g to 1.52 mgKOH / g, crude biodiesel yield up to 93.71%, and reached the desired goal. Waste cooking oil ware used to produce biodiesels by pre-esterification and transesterification with the advantage of high yield and low cost, in aspect of waste cooking oil resources with broad prospects. Key words: Waste cooking oil, Biodiesel, Pre-esterification, Transesterification, Acid value 目 录 第1章 绪 论 1 1.1 研究背景与意义 1 1.2 废食用油概述 1 1.2.1 废食用油的来源` 1 1.2.2 废食用油的危害 2 1.2.3 废食用油的处理现状 3 1.3 生物柴油概述 4 1.3.1 生物柴油的定义 4 1.3.2 生物柴油的特点 4 1.3.3 生物柴油的研究现状 5 1.4 废食用油制备生物柴油的方法 5 1.4.1 直接混合法 6 1.4.2 微乳化法 6 1.4.3 热裂解法为 6 1.