中小企业应收账款管理的问题与对策 会计学本科毕业论文.doc

中小企业应收账款管理的问题与对策 摘 要 应收账款是企业因为销售商品、产品、提供劳务而应向购货单位或者接受劳务的单位收取的款项，是企业资产的重要组成部分，是企业扩大或保持市场份额、争取竞争主动性的有力措施。随着现代企业竞争的加剧，应收账款对企业尤其是中小企业的生存和发展至关重要。如果应收账款不能及时回收，资金不能回笼，营运资金不够周转，企业正常经营就会受到影响。本文总结中小企业应收账款产生的原因，分析企业应收账款的问题和对企业的危害，提出了应收账款管理的目标以及实现目标的一些措施和方法，以期能对中小企业管理者有所启示，从而促进中小企业更快更好的发展。 关键词 中小企业；应收账款；问题；对策 Accounts Receivable Management and Strategy of Medium and Enterprises Abstract The account receivable is the amount of money which should take toward the unit of the purchase commodity unit or the accept service because sale an article, product, or provided service . It is the important component of enterprise assets and is the emollient measure for business to expands or keeps market share and fight for competing active. Because the modern business rival turns worse, the accounts receivable is important to the existence and development of enterprise , particularly to medium and small enterprises. If the accounts receivable cannot recall in time, the capital will not return , and the working capital isnt enough to turn over , as a result of it the business normal conducts will be subjected to impact. This text tallies up the reason of accounts receivable of medium and small enterprises creation, analyses the present condition of progress to medium and small enterprises and the harm to enterprises, proposes the object of accounts receivable management and some measures and methods to promote by wishing have apocalypse to medium and small enterprises and they will develop sooner and better. Keywords medium and small enterprises；accounts receivable；problem；method 前言 　随着市场竞争的激烈，企业为了扩大自身的市场，开始利用商业信用进行赊销，应收账款也就应运而生。尤其是市场疲软、银根紧缩的市场条件下,企业不得不采取赊销方式进行销售,这对企业销售新产品、开拓新市场也具有重要的意义。中小企业战略定位不明确，造成众多企业产品单调，缺乏独特的竞争优势。加之，现时的市场大多属于买方市场，成本价格几近透明，买方的价格压制，使得一些跟随者企业在规模、技术等方面不具备扩大、提高的余地，慢慢失去了与领头羊企业抗衡的能力，导致其市场份额越来越小，而其生产能力却大于其所拥有的市场份额，这样势必引发产品积压。为了解决积压问题，企业在销售过程中又不得不做出让步，如产品试用期加长，货款交纳时间等，使得企业的应收账款数量增加，回款的速度放缓，进一步增加企业了负担。我国中小企业规模较小，资产较少，机构设置简单，一人多岗的现象比较突出，在此种情况下对应收账款进行管理，确实存在很大难度会计人员未及时与销