英语语法：非谓语动词.pptVIP

3.动名词的复合结构: 形容词性物主代词 名词所有格 + 动名词 宾格 (代词/名词作动名词的逻辑主语) 动名词复合结构的否定式把not放在形容词性物主代词 /名词所有格和动名词之间。 ? His being late made us unhappy.（主） ? My mother forgave me telling a lie.（宾） ? What surprised me was your not handing in your paper.（表） 4.不定式的用法: 能作主语、宾语、表语、定语、状语、补语。 ①作主语，谓语动词用单数。 ? To get up early is a good habit. ? To see is to believe . ▲常用it作形式主语： ★It is + adj./n.+ to do for sb to do ? It is important for us to learn English . ★ It + v.+宾语(+补语) + to do sth. ? It took me a year to save up for a new coat. ? It made us happy to hear from him. ★It + be + 介词短语 + to do sth. It is beyond my power to answer this question. ②作宾语: 常接不定式作宾语的v.如：agree, pretend, afford, want, would like, hope, wish, manage, prefer, like, hate, help, promise, decide… 注意:不定式作宾语，如果其后带有宾语补足语常用it作形式宾语。常见动词有：think, make, consider, believe, suppose, feel, find等。 ? I don’t think it necessary to master a foreign language without much memory work. ▲在tell, teach, explain, learn, advise, show, know, decide, understand, discuss, ask, wonder, find out等动词后，常用“how/what/ whether/where/when/who等疑问词+不定式”构成的短语作宾语。（注意：此用法中不定式的逻辑主语需要与主句的主语或宾语保持一致，否则就要用宾语从句）。 ? It is said that in Australia there is more land than the government knows what to do with it. (2002 NMET) ▲介词后一般不直接接不定式作宾语，但可以接“疑问词 + 不定式”构成的不定式短语作宾语。（but, except, besides 可接不定式作宾语）如： ? Marx gave some advice on how to learn English. ? They had no choice but to lie down to sleep. ? He did nothing this morning but chat on the phone. ③作表语： 除be动词外, seem, remain, happen, prove, turn out, appear也常接不定式作表语。当用desire, hope, wish, aim, purpose, job等表示目的、愿望的词作主语时，其表语多用不定式表示将来。 ? He seems to be very happy. ? My job is to teach. ? My wish is to pass the entrance exam. 注意：①当不定式作表语时，前有do的各种形式时，后不定式常省略to. ? What I want to do now is (to) have a good sleep. ? The only thing to do is study hard. ②be to blame 应受责备 ? Who is to blame? ? Who should be blamed？ ④作定语： 放在所修饰的n./pron.之后,它的逻辑主语就是它 修饰的n./pron.在时间上倾向于将来。 ▲不定式和它修饰