含銅污泥資源化之可行性探討.docVIP

含銅污泥資源化之可行性探討 Feasibility Study of Copper-Containing Sludge Recovery 研究生：滕紀妏 Teng, Chi-Wen 指導教授：薩支高 Sah, Jy Gau 【摘要】 廢棄物是錯置的資源，當其再利用價值高於再利用處理費用時，即可資源化。廢棄物資源化如能經濟地且有效地落實資源回收及再利用，才是資源永續利用之最高目標。國內有害重金屬污泥年產量約為 82 公噸，利用固化、掩埋處理已不合時宜，因此本研究以酸萃取-化學置換及酸萃取-分段沈澱之配套流程處理印刷電路板業含銅污泥，進行含銅污泥資源化及無害化之研究。 含銅污泥基本性質分析結果顯示，污泥中Cu含量約 19%，其次為鎳、鉛、鋅、鎘、鉻及鐵。化學酸萃取之研究結果顯示，以2N H2SO4(aq)及HNO3(aq)於萃取固液比 1:10 下對含銅污泥進行 0.5 小時萃取為最佳萃取條件。且污泥經 2N H2SO4(aq)萃取及一次水洗後，其殘渣之重金屬TCLP值均已符合法規規範值，可視為一般事業廢棄物以掩埋方式進行處理；但以 2N HNO3(aq)對含銅污泥萃取及一次水洗後，殘渣中鉛、鎘的TCLP值仍超出法規規範值，須再進一步處理。 分別以鐵粉及鋅粉作為犧牲金屬，對 2N H2SO4(aq)及HNO3(aq)萃取液進行化學置換之結果顯示，銅置換率均可達 93~100%，以鐵粉置換之銅粉純度約 44~50%、以鋅粉置換之銅粉純度約 72~75%。而以 2N H2SO4萃取液進行之分段沈澱試驗之結果顯示，於三次沈澱純化後，無水硫酸銅之純度已可達 85%。 經成本效益分析後發現，以化學酸萃取-化學置換及化學酸萃取-分段沈澱之配套流程處理含銅污泥均是可行的，對於環境及自然資源之永續利用，有一定成效之助益。 關鍵字：銅污泥、酸萃取法、化學置換法、分段沈澱法、資源化 【Abstract】 The waste could be regard as resource wrongly disposed. When the reusable value of waste is higher than the handling charge could it be seen as resource. The ultimate goal of waste management is sustainable used by efficiently/economically resources recycle. The production of hazardous heavy metal sludge in Taiwan has reached 820,000 tons per year. Sludge disposal technologies such as solidification and landfill are irrelevantly. Therefore, this study is conducted by the procedures of acid extraction-chemical cementation and acid extraction-fractional precipitation to recovery copper from copper sludge of printed circuit board industry. Analysis data shows that copper in sludge is around 19%, followed are Ni, Pb, Zn, Cd, Cr, and Fe. The acid extraction results shows the best extraction conditions are found by 2N H2SO4(aq) and HNO3(aq) in solid-liquid ratio 1:10 for 0.5小時.2N H2SO4(aq) and distilled water extraction can reach the TCLP standards, and can be look as general industrial wastes for landfill. But the Pb and Cd in residues after the same processes are higher than the TCLP standards, and must be treated further again. The chemical cementation experimental results s