年职称英语考试理工类新增文章及译文分析.docxVIP

2015年职称英语考试理工类教材对比 题型2015新增文章2014被替换文章第一部分?词汇选项无变化无变化第二部分?阅读判断无变化无变化第三部分?概括大意与完成句子无变化无变化第四部分?阅读理解第九篇 An Essential Scientific Process第九篇 Egypt Feled by Famine第二十二篇 Real-World Robots第二十二篇 Snowflakes第五部分?补全短文第九篇 Lightening Strikes第九篇 Heat Is Killer第五篇 A Record-breaking Rover?第五篇 The Magic of Sound第十三篇 Affectionate Androids第十三篇 Sleeping Giant第六部分?完形填空无变化无变化  2015年新版职称英语教材新增文章系列之理工类 阅读理解 第二十二篇Real World Robots 　　When you think of a robot, do you envision a shiny, metallic device having the same general shape as a human being, performing humanlike functions, and responding to your questions in a monotone voice accentuated by high-pitched tones and beeps? This is the way many of us imagine a robot, but in the real world, a robot is not humanoid at all. Instead a robot often is a voiceless, box-shaped machine that efficiently carries out repetitive or dangerous functions usually performed by humans. Today’s robot is more than an automatic machine that performs one task again and again. A modern robot is programmed with varying degrees of artificial intelligence—that is, a robot contains a computer program that tells it how to perform tasks associated with human intelligence, such as reasoning, drawing conclusions, and learning from past experience. 　　A robot does not possess a human shape for the simple reason that a two-legged robot has great difficulty remaining balanced. A robot does, however, move from place to place on wheels and axles that roll and rotate. A robot even has limbs that swivel and move in combination with joints and motors. To find its way in its surroundings1, a robot utilizes various built-in sensors. Antennae attached to the robot’s base detect anything they bump into. If the robot starts to teeter as it moves on an incline, a gyroscope or a pendulum inside it senses the vertical differential. To determine its distance from an object and how quickly it will reach the object，the robot bounces beams of laser li