中国文化专题.docVIP

1. 中国武术（Chinese Kung Fu）已有数千年的历史， 包含众多搏击方式，是中国传统文化的重要组成部分。 其诞生是出于古时对自我防卫、狩猎技巧及军事训练的需要。历史上，中国武术的影响可在书本及亚洲独有的表演艺术中见到。近来，其影响还扩展到目标受众宽广得多的电影及电视业。由此，中国武术的传播已超越其民族根源，对全世界都有着吸引力。 Chinese Kung Fu, with a history of a few thousand years and a number of fighting styles, is an important part of Chinese traditional culture. Its birth was attributed to the need for self-defense, hunting techniques and military training in ancient times. Historically, the influence of Chinese Kung Fu could be found in books and in the performing arts specific to Asia. Recently, those influences have extended to the movies and television that target a much wider audience. As a result, Chinese Kung Fu has spread beyond its ethnic roots and has a global appeal. 2. 饺子（Jiaozi）是人们在中国新年及北方常年吃的主要食物之一。饺子的发音听起来与最早的纸币的名字相似，所以吃饺子被认为会带来幸运。很多家庭在除夕夜吃饺子。有些厨师会藏一枚干净的硬币，让幸运的人找到它。常见的饺子肉馅包括猪肉、牛肉、鸡肉以及鱼肉，这些肉馅通常会与切碎的蔬菜混合在一起。吃饺子时拌有包含醋、大蒜或辣椒酱（hot sauce）的以酱油（soy sauce）为基础的沾酱（dipping sauce）。 Jiaozi are one of the major foods eaten during the Chinese New Year and year round in the northern provinces. The pronunciation of Jiaozi sounds like the name for the earliest paper money, so eating them is believed to bring good fortune. Many families eat Jiaozi on Chinese New Year’s Eve. Some cooks will hide a clean coin for the lucky to find. The common meat fillings of Jiaozi include pork, beef, chicken and fish, which are usually mixed with chopped vegetables. Jiaozi are eaten with a soy sauce-based dipping sauce that may include vinegar, garlic or hot sauce. 3. 中国戏曲是中国戏剧和音乐剧的结合，其起源可追溯到3世纪。中国戏曲有很多地方剧分支，京剧是其中最有名的一个。京剧出现于18世纪末，并于19世纪中期得到充分发展和认可。京剧在清朝宫廷（the Qing Dynasty court）特别受欢迎，并已被视为中国的文化珍品之一。中国戏曲会用到面具。面具的每种颜色代表不同的含义，用来表现人物角色，说明他们的情感状态和大致性格。 Chinese opera is a combination of Chinese drama and musical theater, which roots back as far as the third century. There are numerous regional branches of Chinese Opera, of which the Beijing Opera (Jingju) is one of the most notable. The Beijing Opera arose in the late 18th century and became