高中英语主谓一致精讲重点分析.docVIP

高中英语语法--主谓一致 概述： 1 语法形式上要一致,即用作主语的名词中心词和谓语动词在单、复数形式上一致　2 意义上要一致,即主语和谓语的一致关系取决于主语的单、复数意义. 1 并列结构作主语时当意义为复数时谓语用复数 注意: 当主语由and连结时,如果它表示一个单一的概念,即指同一人或同一物时,谓语动词用单数,and 此时连接的两个词前只有一个冠词. The iron and steel industry is very important to our life.The League secretary and monitor ___ asked to make a speech at the meeting. A. is B. was C. are D. were 答案B. 注:在英语中,当一人兼数职时只在第一个职务前加定冠词.后面的职务用and 相连.这样本题主语为一个人,所以应选B.2 主谓一致中的靠近原则 当there be 句型的主语是一系列事物时,谓语应与最邻近的主语保持一致. There is a pen, a knife and several books on the desk.. There are twenty boy-students and twenty-three girl-students in the class. 总的来说，在由not only…but also…, not just…but…, or, either…or…, neither…nor…连接主语的句子中及在there be句型中，谓语动词的单复数按就近原则处理，即按与谓语动词最靠近的那个主语来确定谓语动词的单复数形式。如： Not only John but also I am going to Shanghai next week.　Either you or she is to go. Here is a pen, a few envelops and some paper for you. 3 谓语动词与前面的主语一致当主语后面跟有with, together with, like, except, but, no less than, as well as 等词引起的短语时,谓语动词与前面的主语一致.The teacher together with some students is visiting the factory. He as well as I wants to go boating. 4 谓语需用单数 1 代词each和由every, some, no, any等构成的复合代词作主语,或主语中含有each, every, 谓语需用单数. Each of us has a tape-recorder.There is something wrong with my watch. 2 当主语是一本书或一条格言时,谓语动词常用单数. The Arabian Night is a book known to lovers of English. 是英语爱好者熟悉的一本好书. 3 表示金钱,时间.距离.价格或度量衡的复合名词作主语时,通常把这些名词看作一个整体,谓语一般用单数. 用复数也可,意思不变. Three weeks was allowed for making the necessary preparations. Ten yuan is enough. 5 指代意义决定谓语的单复数 1 在代词what, which, who, none, some, any, more, most, all等词的单复数由其指代的词的单复数决定.All is right. 一切顺利. 　All are present. 所有人都到齐了. 2 集体名词作主语时,谓语的数要根据主语的意思来决定.如family, audience, crew, crowd, class, company, committee等词后用复数形式时,意为这个集体中的各个成员,用单数时表示该个集体.His family isnt very large. 他家不是一个大家庭. His family are music lovers. 他的家人都是音乐爱好者. 但集合名词people, police, cattle, poultry 家禽 .militia 民兵 .vermin等在任何情况下都用复数形式.Are there any police around 3 有些名词,如variety, number, population, proportion, majority 等有时看作单数,有时看作复数.A number of