输血英语分析.ppt

Symptomatic anemia (providing oxygen-carrying capacity) Transfusion trigger (HCT30% ; HB10g/dl) 1 Unit increases 3% HCT or 1g/dl Shelf life =42 d (1-6 ℃) Thrombocytopenia ( 50,000) Platelet dysfunction Each unit increase 5,000 PLTs after 1 H Profoundly granulocytopenia (500) Serious infection not responsive to antibiotic therapy Coagulation factor deficiencies 1 ml increases 1% clotting factors Being used as soon as possible Albumin, hetastarch, crystalliods are equally effective volume expander but safer than FFP After use of 5 U of RBCs, matching 2 U of FFP --Volume Expander Dextran Most widely used Low/Middle M.W. (40,000-70,000) Massive transfusion could impair coagulation Occasional ALLERGIC reaction Hydroxyethyl Starch Formulation (HES) More stable Containing essential electrolytes No allergic reaction Stop Transfusion Bacterial Exam and Culture Antibiotics Treatment： Double Check Operate carefully Prevention： Contamination: Hepatitis B, Hepatitis C HIV Cytomegalovirus (CMV) Syphilis Malaria Acquired diseases ： Transfusion Reactions No risk of infectious disease transmission No transfusion reactions No compatibility testing Reduced demand on blood bank stores An immediate source of autologous blood Autotransfusion： Red Blood Cells Packed RBC White Blood Cells Pooled Platelets Blood Cell： Component Transfusion： Saving blood source Less likely carrier of transmitted diseases Shortage of quality blood Greater shelf life than whole blood Helping to make blood safer by filtration Infusing regardless of ABO type in some blood products giving only essential/desired blood component Component Transfusion： * Blood Transfusion History Type of Transfusion Indication Transfusion Reactions Autologous transfusion Component Transfusion Blood Transfusion History and Significance Lower (1665) First blood transfusion Philip (1825) First human blood transfusion Landsteiner (1900) Discovery of ABO type How to store blood longer? World war I Is t