物流学12材料.ppt

CHAPTER 12 International Logistics * KEY TERMS Cargo preference 货物优先运送 Certificate of origin 产地来源证 Commercial invoice 商业发票 Customhouses brokers 报关经纪人 Embargoes 禁运 Export management company 出口管理公司 Export packers 出口包装公司 Import quotas 进口配额 * KEY TERMS Incoterms 2000 2000年国际贸易术语解释通则 IATA 国际航空运输协会 International freight forwarders 国际货运代理 International logistics 国际物流 Letter of credit 信用证 Load center 装载中心 Nontariff barrier 非关税壁垒 NVOCC 无船公共承运人 * KEY TERMS Ocean carrier alliance 远洋承运人协会 SED 托运人出口申报单 SLI 托运人托运声明书 Shipping conferences 航运公会 Short sea shipping 短途海运 Tariffs 关税 Terms of payment 支付条款 Terms of sale 销售条款 * LEARNING OBJECTIVES To identify the reasons for governmental intervention in the area of international trade To examine international documentation as well as terms of sale and payment To distinguish among the unique activities of international trade specialists To examine transportation and inventory considerations in international distribution * * KEY ISSUES International logistics Exports a portion of a product made or grown Imports raw materials or manufactured products Goods are partially assembled in one country and then shipped to another, where they are further assembled or processed A nation’s domestic commerce crosses foreign borders, often in bond * * KEY ISSUES More costly Documentation requirement Greater distances More challenging Economic conditions Regulations, laws, and legal systems Cultural consideration * * CONTENTS * * GOVERNMENT INFLUENCES ON FOREIGN TRADE Political restrictions on trade Tariffs Nontariff barriers Import quota Health and safety Embargoes * * GOVERNMENT INFLUENCES ON FOREIGN TRADE Government’s role in international transport International carriage is an export to the nation operating the carrier-affects balance of payments International fleets and airlines may be subsidized Large nations must protect their flag carriers’ interests * * CONTENTS * * DOCUMENTATION Certificate of origin Specifies the country in which a