ProfessionalEthics(英文版)(47页)讲述.ppt

Professional Ethics Chapter 4 What are Ethics? Need for Ethics Why People Act Unethically Prescribed EthicalPrinciples Example Ethical Dilemmas RationalizingUnethical Behavior Resolving Ethical Dilemmas Resolving Ethical Dilemmas Ethical Dilemma Ethical Dilemma Special Need for Ethical Conduct in Professions CPAs Encouraged to ConductThemselves at a High Level CPAs Encouraged to ConductThemselves at a High Level CPAs Encouraged to ConductThemselves at a High Level Code of Professional Conduct Code of Professional Conduct Code of Professional Conduct Ethical Principles Ethical Principles Ethical Principles Standards of Conduct Rules of Professional Conduct Rule 101: Independence Rule 102: Integrity and Objectivity Rule 201: General Standards Rule 202: Compliance with Standards Rule 203: Accounting Principles Rule 301: Confidential Client Information Rule 302: Contingent Fees Rules of Professional Conduct Rule 501: Acts Discreditable Rule 502: Advertising Rule 503: Commissions and Referral Fees Rule 505: Form of Practice Rule 101 Independence Independence in performing attest services Required by standards Independent in appearance and fact SEC Independence Independence in fact – mental state of objectivity and free of bias Independence in appearance – reasonable investor, with all relevant facts and circumstance, would consider the auditor capable of exercising objective and impartial judgment Applies to the audit engagement team, chain of command and immediate family SEC Restricts Certain Services for Audit Clients Bookkeeping IT design and implementaion Appraisal/valuation Acruarial services Internal Audit Management Function Human resources Broker dealer services Legal services SEC Disclosures Disclose fees in proxy statements Related to Audit fees Consulting fees Efforts to maintain independence ISB – Independence Standards Board Created in response to SEC pressures Issued independence standards Disbanded in 2001 Major Contributions Auditor must discuss