英语句子结构肖老师修改资料.ppt

主语：动作发出者 谓语：主语发出的动作 宾语：动作的承受者 补语：补充说明主语或宾语 状语：表示时间、地点、方式、原因、目的、程度、比较和伴随成分 英语句子有长在短，有简有繁，从现象看，似乎千变万化，难以捉摸，但从实质看，可以发现其内在联系，找出其共同规律。英语句子的基本结构可以归纳成五种基本句型及其扩大、组合、省略或倒装。掌握这五种基本句型，是掌握各种英语句子结构的基础。 英语五种基本句型列式如下： 基本句型一： 主＋谓 基本句型二： 主＋系＋表 基本句型三： 主＋谓＋宾 基本句型四： 主＋谓＋间宾＋直宾 基本句型五： 主＋谓＋宾＋宾补 常带双宾语（直接宾语和间接宾语）的动词（分为A、B两类） A：动词后加to give?给 show给……看 send寄，打电报 bring带…… read读…… pass递给…… lend借给…… leave留给…… hand交给…… tell告诉…… return把……还给… write给……写信 throw扔…… promise答应…… refuse?拒绝  1.They work hard. 主 + 谓 2.The flower is dead. 主 + 系 + 表 3.Plants need water. 主 + 谓 + 宾 4.He gives me some seeds. 主 + 谓 + 直宾 + 间宾 5.We should keep the plants in the shade. 主 + 谓 + 宾 + 宾补 6.Many animals live in trees. 主 + 谓 7.He kept me a dictionary. 主+谓+间接宾语+直接宾语 8.Shall I leave you the camera? 主+谓+间接宾语+直接宾语 9. We find the book very interesting. 主+谓+宾+宾补 10.My uncle bought me an e-dictionary. 主+谓+间接宾语+直宾 11.Singing makes me happy. 主+谓+宾+宾补 12.Daming calls his cat Mimi . 主+谓+宾+宾补 13.You?must?listen?to?her. 主+谓+宾 14.He?is?a?scientist. 主+系+表 2）表语从句 * That is what he wants to buy. * The problem is that who we can get to replace her? * The reason is that he has lied to me several times. 复合句与简单句：复合句 = 简单句 + 从属连词 +简单句 He worked in that factory three years ago. 地点状语 时间状语 where his father worked in that factory where I lived when he lived there His father worked there. I lived there. He lived there three years ago. 复合句与简单句：复合句 = 简单句 + 从属连词 +简单句 Put the book on the desk. where you took it. where it was. 地点状语 where you found it. You can’t camp here. where there are a lot of trees. wherever you like. 状语从句 分为九类：时间、地点、原因、结果、 目的、条件、让步、方式、程度 1) 时间状语从句 Wait until you are called. When spring came, leaves turn green. 常用的关联词有：as, after, before, since, till/ until, when, while, as soon as, whenever等 2) 地点状语从句 Put it where you found it. Sit down wherever you like. 常用的关联词有：where, wherever, anywhere 3) 原因状语从句 As I di