【课时通】2015-2016学年高一英语外研版必修4课件：Module 6 Grammar2 .pptVIP

Module 6 Unexplained Mysteries of the Natural World Grammar 1.Know the meaning of “modals + have done” . 2. Learn the usage of “modals + have done” such as “could have done” “might have done” “must have done” . Learning aims Read the sentences and discuss on what condition we can use them. Leading-in 1) They might have killed each other. 2) He must have known the news. 3) You should have come here yesterday. 4) We could have worked out the problem. 情态动词＋动词完成时一、情态动词＋动词完成时,表示对过去的行为或动作进行推测或判断。 (1)must have done 用于肯定句中，表示对过去某事的肯定猜测。其否定或疑问形式都用 can (could)来表示。例如： Since the road is wet，it must have rained last night. 路面是湿的，昨晚肯定下过雨。 He can’t have missed the way. I drew him a map. 他不可能迷路。我（当时）给他画了张地图。 Grammar He ______ ______ ______ _____that town.他不可能去过那个城镇。 He _______ ______ _______Anna yesterday. She’s gone abroad. 昨天他不可能见过安娜。她出国了。  (2)can/could have done 用于否定句或疑问句中，表怀疑；也表示对过去没发生行为的肯定推测。 cannot have been to couldn’t have seen (3)may/might have done may/might have done用于否定句或肯定句中， 表示推测过去某事“也许”发生了，用于不肯定的推测。may 比 might 表示的可能性在说话人看来稍大些。 I can’t find my keys. I might have left them at the school yesterday.我找不到我的钥匙。我可能昨天把它们落在学校了。 He might not have got your letter. 他可能没有收到你的信。 The room is dark. I think he may have gone to bed. 房间是黑暗的。我想他可能已经上床睡觉了。 二、情态动词表达虚拟语气：表达“本来……”，“不然早就……”。这是情态动词的一种虚拟语气用法。表示说话人所讲的与所发生的事实相反。表达了说话人埋怨、后悔的语气。 could have done 本来能够…… might have done 本来可以…… should / ought to have done 本应该…… shouldn’t have done / oughtn’t to have done 本不该…… needn’t have done 本来没必要…… had better have done 当时最好做了…… would rather have done 当时宁愿做了…… —We could have walked to the station；it was so near.—Yes. A taxi wasn’t necessary at all. ——我们原本是能走到车站的；它这么近。 ——是的，出租车一点也没必要。 (1) could have done用来表示责备语气，意为“过去本来能够……，而实际上却未……”。 【即学即练】 The driver _________________the accident. 司机本可以避免这次车祸的。（但没能避免） could have avoided (2)might have done “本来可以做某事或可能做某事”，含有轻微的责备语气。 You might have given him more help, though you were busy. 你本来可以给他更多的帮助，虽然你很忙。 They ______ _____ _____