英语：过去分词作定语课件（外研社版）.pptVIP

* Grammar The —ed form 过去分词作定语 过去分词在句子中可以作定语、表语和补语。 用法： 一、在句子中的位置 过去分词作定语 前置 单个的过去分词作定语时，位于所修饰的名词或代词前 后置 过去分词短语作定语时，位于所修饰的名词或代词后面 e.g. What are you going to do with the damaged recorder? e.g.The magazine published a short story written by a high school student. 注：1、如果过去分词修饰something,everything, anything, nothing somebody anybody nobady those等时，要放在这些词后面 e.g. Is there anybody injured? 2、少数单个过去分词如 left, allowed, invited, ordered, needed等常作后置定语如: e.g. There are still five minutes left. So we have time to read the text once more. Do you know the number of books ordered? 二、用法特征：及物动词的过去分词作定语表示被动或完成意义，或没有一定的时间性的动作；不及物动词的过去分词没有被动的意义，只表示动作的完成。如 e.g. A bridge built of iron is much stronger than one built of stone Let’s pick up the fallen leaves in the corner and sweep up the floor. 注：1、一些由表示情感或心理状态的动词转化而来的过去分词作定语时，已经完全形容词化，不表被动。常见的有：amazed, embarrassed, disappointed, excited, encouraged, bored, interested, tired, worried, surprised, satisfied, pleased, moved, frightened等。 e.g. The excited children were opening their presents. 2、过去分词仍具有动词的特点，可以带有自己的状语。如 The Olympic Games, first played in 776 B.C., did not include women players until 1912. 三、语法功能： 过去分词或过去分词短语作定语时，其功能相当于一个定语从句。如： e.g. The stolen bike was returned to its owner. = The bike which had been stolen was returned to its owner. e.g. Mr. and Mrs. Williams adopted a baby abandoned by its parents. 四、区别 过去分词 与所修饰的词是动宾关系，表示被动或完成 现在分词 与所修饰的词有主谓关系，表示主动或正在进行 不定式 作后置定语，表示将要发生的动作，通常用主动形式表示 被动意义 e.g. May I have a look at the pictures taken on the Great Wall? e.g. He gave up his seat to the old man standing nearby. e.g. I have so much work to do that I can’t go out with you. *