商务英语词汇翻译(一)教材.ppt

商务英语词汇翻译 Translation of words in Business English Translation 商务英语性质与特点 1. 用词正式、严谨、准确 construe; interim; grant; levy; utilize 2. 常用缩略词、外来词、古体词 YR TLX 28 TH RCVD; VC; B/L; POD; L/C; F.O.B herewith; herein; hereunder; hereof; hereby 3. 句法复杂，多介词、被动、非谓语动词、从句等 商务英语翻译的标准 faithfulness, exactness, consistency, fluency 《试论英汉词义的差异》（刘宓庆1980） 灵活之英语词汇 Words do not have meanings; people have meanings for words. (Eric Partridge) 独立性较小，含义广泛：man 严谨之汉语词汇 约定俗成… 正名言实。 荀子《正名篇》 双音节词受合力制约，不易变通：人民；开端 英语词汇多义性与翻译之难 一名之立，旬月踟蹰。 严复 STORY 故事？ 【1】This war is becoming the most important story of this generation. 这场战争已成为这一代人的最重大的事件。 【2】Some reporters who were not included in the session broke the story. 有些没有参加那次会议的记者把内情捅出去了。 【3】He’ll be very happy if that story holds up. 如果这话当真，那他太高兴了。 【4】A young man came to Scotti’s office with a story. 一个年轻人来到斯科特的办公室报案。 【5】The story about him became smaller and faded out from the American television by and by. 报道中对他的渲染减少了，不久他就从美国电视上销声匿迹。 …… 汉英词汇意义的变迁 英语：snowballing Nice （古法语foolish or silly） foolish – wanton – strange – lazy – coy – modest – fastidious – refined – precise – subtle – slender – critical – attentive – minutely accurate – dainty – appetizing – agreeable – pleasant Jet; shuttle; yawn; remote The point is, don’t try to total the guys that overweight you by far. 汉语：因形见义 差距；回收；导游；蹲点；试点；双职工；成活率 英译汉常用手段 1. 引申 （具体 – 概括化、一般化的词） For the next month or two Kissinger focused on these concerns and others. concern（关注、重视、担心、焦虑）问题 2. 揉合 （扩大汉语词义范围） Detente is an aspiration of Western policy, not a political reality. aspiration (愿望、欲望、期望、心愿、抱负、理想、志向) 企望 3. 融合 （灵活变通汉语句式，求神似） It can be said for his justification that he had to give up when any advice he gave her causes nothing but back talk. 凭心而论，他也只好就此罢休，因为每次他给她提意见，她就顶回去。 What can easily be seen in his poems are his imagery and originality, power and range. 他的诗形象生动，独具一格，而且气势磅礴，这是显而易见的。 英译汉常用手段 4. 拆译 （解析化滞，灵活安排） The Western powers would once again h