2015-2016学年高一英语总结与练习（外研版）：Book 2 Module 4 Grammar-动词-ing形式作主语、表语、定语 、宾语补足语和状语 .docVIP

GRAMMAR 动词-ing形式作主语、表语、定语、宾语补足语和状语 前面我们总结了动词-ing形式作宾语的，现在我们动词-ing形式在句中作主语、表语、定语宾语补足语的。句法功能 用法 例句 主语 表示抽象的或泛指的动作，谓语动词用单数。 Reading . 在句型It’s + no use / a waste of time / useless / ... +动词-ing形式中It作形式主语，动词-ing形式作真正的主语。 It’s no use pretending you didn’t know. It’s a waste of time doing that.表语 说明主语是什么，主语与表语常可互换。 is bad habits is smoking while having dinner. 定语 单个的动词-ing形式作定语位于被修饰名词。动词-ing形式作后置定语，其作用相当于一个定语从句。 宾语补足语强调宾语的动作正在进行。后可动词-ing形式短语作宾语补足语的动词有see, hear, set, catch, find, have, keep, get, leave, make, feel, notice, observe等。From the window we could see the children playing in the yard. I could hear someone calling my name. 介词with后也可接动词-ing形式短语作宾语补足语。 I can’t do my homework with all this noise going on.动词-ing形式作时间状语，相当于一个时间状语从句。. = When she turned around, she saw a car driving up. 动词-ing形式作原因状语，相当于一个原因状语从句。Being ill, my brother couldn’t walk any further. = Because he was ill, my brother couldn’t walk any further. 动词-ing形式作结果状语，常置于句末。Jane fell off the bike, cutting her leg. 动词-ing形式作伴随状语，其表示的动作伴随谓语动作同时发生。The students went into the classroom, following their teacher. 动词-ing形式作条件状语，相当于一个条件状语从句。Working harder, you will make great progress. = If you work harder, you will make great progress. 【即学即练】用括号内单词的正确形式填空。 1. Don’t leave the water ________ (run) while you brush your teeth. 2. The question ________ (discuss) last night is very important. 3. Do you know the woman ________ (talk) to Tom? 4. Gordon worked late into the night, ________ (prepare) a long speech for the manager. 5. The fire lasted five hours, ________ (cause) many deaths. 6. Jacob went to live in Italy ________ (learn) Italian. 7. It’s no use ________ (ask) me what I don’t know. 8. He was seen ________ (go) upstairs. 9. Have you given up ________ (drink) whiskey before breakfast? 10. ________ (swim) is good for health. 11. I couldn’t imagine ________ (live) in a place like that. 12. I didn’t mean ________ (hurt) you. 13. I ended up ________ (spend) the night at the airport because of the hea