7.narration.pptVIP

《大学英语写作》 Unit Seven Narration 叙述性作文 Passage reading ： “The Present” 英语写作的四种结构 叙述 narration 描写 description 说明 exposition 议论 argumentation 这四种写作结构可以在一篇文章中同时出现，如叙述可以在说明文和议论文中出现，议论不仅出现在议论文中，也可以在记叙文中出现。 叙述文本身就是以叙述方式写成的。 成功叙述文的要点包括: 1.1 Theme 主题 叙述文不是记流水账，应当有主题思想。一篇短短的叙述文应集中有限的时空去叙述具有特别意义的事情，从中反映人生体会、人生意义与社会主题。 2. Setting 背景 背景即故事发生的时间、地点和涉及的人物。一般放在文章的开头交待清楚，以便于读者理解清楚。 “The Present ” 3 Point of view 视角 视角即观察的角度。用第一人称（I, we ）还是用第三人称（he, she）写作。 4 Order 顺序 叙述文一般是按照时间顺序来展开事物的。 正序 （time sequence） 倒叙 （flashback）: 全部倒叙，部分倒叙 5 Plot 情节 情节是叙述文的主要部分。情节是为主题思想服务的，只能对最能表现主题的情节渲染，才能有感染力。 6 Foreshadowing伏笔 好的叙述文往往注意伏笔。文章的前面看似一个不经意的描写往往读到后面，给人以极大的震撼力。 More than two months passed. One evening, while Mother was sitting near the lamp mending a shirt, the door opened and a small pull of steam, followed by a huge bundle, entered. Under the bundle tottered the old woman, her face as white as a linen sheet. Mother uttered a half-choked cry, as though a corpse had entered the room, I ran toward the old woman and helped her unload her bundle. 7 Symbol 象征 象征是叙述文中的一个很重要的艺术修辞手段。 象征的使用要注意三点： Revision To achieve unity: Do you state the thesis of your narrative in the introductory paragraph? If it is not stated, have you clearly implied it somewhere in the essay? Are there any portions that do not support the thesis? To achieve support: Do you have enough details, including dialogue? See if during the revision you can add more vivid, exact details that will help your readers experience the event as it actually happened. To achieve coherence: see if you add time signals such as first, then, next, after, while, during, and finally to help connect details as you move from the beginning to the middle to the end of the narrative. To achieve sentence skills: proofread your next-to final draft for sentence-skills mistakes, including spelling. Write an essay narrating an experience in which a certain emotion was predominant. The emotion might be disappoi