week9-2归化异化.pptVIP

Domestication Foreignization 归化和异化是译者针对两种语言及文化的差异,面对翻译目的、文本类型、作者意图和译入语读者等方面的不同而采取的两种不同的翻译策略,其目的是指导具体翻译方法和技巧的选择与运用。归化恪守本族文化的语言传统，回归地道的本族语表达方式;异化翻译方法上迁就外来文化的特点，吸纳外语表达方式,较好地满足译入语读者对译文“陌生感”的需求。这两种策略的选择有时还要参照社会文化以及政治和意识形态方面的规约。不论选择何种策略,都应着眼于读者和社会的需要。 林纾翻译了不下180种西方文学著作。他采取归化法，大都译成文言文。将莎士比亚的戏剧译成记叙古文，胡适斥责他为“莎士比亚的大罪人”。 鲁迅“宁信而不顺”，主张异化。 The whole sky spangled gay twinkling stars, and the Milky Way is as distinct as though it had been washed and rubbed with snow for holiday. ------整个天空点缀着繁星，快活地眨眼。天河那么清楚地显现出来，就好像有人在过节以前用雪把它擦洗过似的。 -------天上闪耀着光明的亮星，牛奶路很白，好像是礼拜日用雪擦洗过的一样。 Domestication as timid as a hare 胆小如鼠 （在西方文化中，兔子是胆小的象征， 而在我国，兔子却象征着机警敏捷。人们常说：静若处子，动若脱兔。鼠在我国才是胆小的象征，所以翻译时直接加以归化。） Domestication at a stones throw wet like a drown rat as stupid as a goose as stubborn as a mule seek a hare in a hens nest as dumb as an oyster（牡蛎） 守口如瓶 lead a dogs life 过着牛马一样的生活 cry up（夸耀） wine and sell vinegar 挂羊头，卖狗肉 put back the clock 开倒车 talk horse 吹牛 kill the goose that lays the golden eggs 杀鸡取卵 drink like a fish 牛饮 Domestication I was limp as a dish rag（抹布）. My back felt as through it had been beaten with wires. 我软得像一团棉花，脊背疼痛得好像被钢丝抽打过一样。 (原文中 limp as a dish rag，如直译为像洗碟布一样柔软，既不地道，又让人产生一种较恶心的感觉，不如用汉语中常说的软得像一团棉花加以归化。) Domestication Everybody said how well the new Secretary was doing, but old Mr. Carr said shortly, Yes. New brooms sweep clean. 人人都说新任秘书干得好，但卡尔老先生却简慢地说：新官上任三把火。 (原文 new brooms sweep clean的字面意思是新扫把扫得干净，比喻新任职的人干得好，和汉语中的新官上任三把火异曲同工，貌离神合。) Among the blind the one-eyed man is King. 山中无老虎，猴子称霸王。 Last night I heard him driving his pig to market. 昨夜我听到他鼾声如雷。 Domestication They will be ice-skating in hell the day, when I vote the aid for them. 要我投票赞成给他们援助，除非太阳从西边出来。 （ice-skating in hell 如译成在地狱里滑冰就很难为中国读者所理解和接受。） Domestication Id much rather see her once or twice and not do anything about it---what could I do about it anyway? Shes a bit out of my class, dont you think? If I did try to do anything, Id only get sent off w