汉法定语位置对比的研究.doc

华中科技大学硕士学位论文  摘  要  不同的民族，往往因其思维习惯的不同，对同一客观事实有着不同的语言传达 顺序。汉语和法语也是如此，汉法两种语言都有定语这种语法成分。但是，在句中 的位置却存在很大的差异性，也正是这种差异性，给学习法语的汉语学生，以及学 习汉语的法语学生都造成了很大的障碍。 本文尝试运用分类、对比的方法，用认知语言学知识、通过对汉语和法语充任 成分作定语位置在同一时期的差异进行共时的对比，归纳出汉法定语的位置差异。 全文共分为五个部分： 第一部分主要介绍汉法对比研究的历史、发展以及现状，并分析汉法定语位置 对比研究的概况，介绍本文的研究价值、语料来源、研究范围以及研究方法。 第二部分主要讨论了汉语和法语里分别充当定语的语法成分，并确定了其对应 关系，为汉法定语位置对比研究奠定了理论基础。 第三部分主要从汉法定语充任成分入手，对这些在汉法语言里充当定语的成分 在句中的位置进行对比分析，分别找出其中的差异性。 第四部分主要根据已得出的汉法定语位置的差异，对对外（法）汉语教学提出 的几点建议。 第五部分为全文的总结，总结了汉法定语位置的差异，并绘制了汉法定语位置 对比分析对照表。 关键词：定语位置；对比；汉语；法语；对外汉语 I 华中科技大学硕士学位论文 Abstract Different nation has different way of communication because of their different thinking way. Both Chinese and French have attributives, but the position of the attributives in these two languages is very different, and just because of this difference, most foreigners who are learning Chinese find that Chinese is very difficult to learn and easy to make mistakes. This dissertation will try to find out the differences of the position of the attributives between Chinese and French, analyze the mistakes made by the students with French background and put forward some useful and constructive suggestion for the Chinese teachers. There are five chapters in the dissertation. Chapter One addresses the history, status quo and problems concerning French and Chinese contrastive studies and the general situation concerning the contrastive study of the position of the attributives in French and Chinese, talks about the aim, the method, the range and the significance of the study. Chapter Two is mainly about the classification of the elements in Chinese that working as attributives and the corresponding elements in French. Chapter three is about the analysis of the difference of the position of the attributives between Chinese and French by analyzing the position difference of elements in Chinese working as attributives and the corresponding elements in French respectively. Chapter four analyzes the typical mistakes made by the studen