论侵权诉讼中证明责任分配.doc

Classified Index: U.D.C.:  CODE: 10075 NO: A Dissertation for the Degree of M. Law Allocation of the burden of proof in infringement litigation Candidate: Wang yafei Supervisor: Prof. Keng yangyou Prof. Zhen shuqing Academic Degree Applied for : Juris Master Specialty : Juris Master（Law） University : Hebei University Date of oral examination : June , 2013 摘 要  摘  要  二十世纪以来，随着工业和现代科技的发展，人类文明及人类的生活条件在得到极 大发展和提高的同时，也滋生了一系列的社会问题。例如，环境污染、食品安全、交通 事故及其他侵害人类生命健康和财产安全的事件。这些侵权行为的大量涌现，极大地阻 碍了社会经济的发展，严重破坏了社会秩序的稳定。为了解决这些侵权案件，我国出台 了《侵权责任法》等相关立法对其予以规制。 在任何一个侵权诉讼中，证明责任分配问题都是首先要得以解决的重要问题。侵权 诉讼的证明责任分配问题的研究，不仅有利于解决我们现实生活中存在的侵权纠纷案 件，化解矛盾，维护社会的和谐，保障社会的公平正义，更有利于整个民事诉讼法学理 论体系的构建与完善，促进我国社会主义国家的法制建设。 证明责任的分配，实质上就是法律对客观证明责任的预先分配。诉讼当事人要对自 己无法提供证据证明案件事实承担不利后果。 本文通过对具体案件的分析，将侵权案件按照不同的归责原则予以划分，并根据不 同的归责原则对证明责任进行分配。侵权责任的归责原则指导并制约着侵权行为的分 类、侵权责任的构成、举证责任的分担、免责条件和减轻责任的事由以及赔偿方法等等。 只有确立了合理的归责原则，侵权行为的证明责任才能形成完整的体系。  关键词  侵权诉讼  证明责任  归责原则  责任承担  I Abstract Abstract In the 20th century, with the development of industrial and modern technology, the human civilization and human living conditions in the great development and at the same time, also the breeding ground for a series of social problems. For example, environmental pollution, food safety, traffic accidents and other events against human life, health and property safety. Large numbers of these violations, which greatly hindered the development of the socio-economic, and seriously undermine the stability of the social order.In order to solve these infringement cases, the introduction of the Tort Liability Act and other related legislation be regulation. In any infringement lawsuit, it is proved that the allocation of responsibilities are first to be able to solve important problems. Study of the problem of the distribution of the burden of proof of infringement litigation, not only conducive to resolve infringement disputes exist in our real life, resolve conflicts, maintain social harmony, safeguard social fairness and jus