+吴鹏+风力机轴承设计及有限元分析剖析.docVIP

（ 二〇一四年六月 摘 要 风力发电机绝大多数情况工作在野外，所以它的所有零部件工作条件十分恶劣，尤其主轴轴承，它受力较为复杂，伴随着风力的变化，又还会产生共振。它承受的载荷有轴向的也有径向的。主轴轴承安装在风力机的顶部，一般都在几十米的高空中，如出现问题，不方便更换，而且由于这些原因造成的成本比较高，所以才要求风力机的调心主轴轴承要有很高的可靠性、较良好的润滑、好的密封、和足够高的寿命。但是轴承的寿命和其结构设计有非常大的关系，并且轴承主参数是结构设计的前提。所以要提高一切主轴轴承的性能参数，保证它的质量，就要对其主参数进行优化设计。只有通过对其主参数的优化设计，才可以提升风电轴承的设计水平，进一步接近我国与发达国家的轴承设计水平。 本次毕业设计根据风电主轴轴承失效的特点，把主轴轴承的额定动载荷看作目标函数，运用优化设计软件（MATLAB）来对主轴轴承的主参数进行优化设计，使主轴轴承的主参数达到最优值。根据所得到的优化结果来对主轴轴承的保持架、主轴轴承的内圈和主轴轴承的外圈等进行结构设计，让其结构设计合理，满足使用要求。 最后，再建模导入到有限元分析软件ANSYS中，运用ANSYS软件对静载荷作用下的轴承的结构进行分析。验证改进后的轴承符合使用要求。 关键词：风力发电机； 主轴轴承； 优化设计； 有限元分析 Abstract Wind turbines work most of the situation in the wild, so its all parts working condition is very bad, especially the main shaft bearing, force is relatively complicated, it changes along with the wind, and also generates vibration. It under high radial load, but also bear part of the axial load. Spindle bearing installed on dozens of meters high air, hoisting and replacement, and the inconvenience and high cost, so we asked the spindle bearings with high reliability, good lubrication, sealing, and longevity. But the bearings life and its structure design has great relationship, and bearing the main parameters is the precondition of structure design. So to improve the spindle bearing all the performance parameters of the optimized design of its main parameters. Through the optimization of its main parameters design can improve the design of wind power bearing, closer to the bearing design level of our country and developed countries. The graduation design based on the characteristics of wind power spindle bearing failure, with 24176 ca/W33 bearing rated dynamic load as the objective function, using the MATLAB optimization toolbox for main parameters optimization design, make the main parameters to achieve the optimal value. According to the results of the optimization of its cage, inner ring and outer ring for structural design, let its reasonable structure design, satisfy the use re