thenatureofapproachesandmethodsinlanguageteaching材料.ppt

The nature of approaches and methods in language teaching Clarify the ground The method era The main applied linguistics The main concern of them The main applied linguistics Henry Sweet, Otto Jespersen, Harold Palmer in the late 19thc, they elaborated principles and approaches to the design of language teaching programs. The method era began. Main concern ＊ ①How languages are learned? (theory of language learning) ②How knowledge of language is represented and organized in memory (theory of language learning, Cognitive linguistics) ③How language itself is structured. (theory of language, structural linguistics) How to teach the word “red” ①How languages are learned? GTM DM ②How knowledge of language is represented and organized in memory ③How language itself is structured. GTM vs. DM when we try to learn the word “red”, 1. we may told by the teacher “这个单词意思是红色，大家要记住这个词怎么写，什么意思。(GTM) Or this word may be represented by the teacher by pointing to all the red objects. (DM) In our mind we may connect “red with the Chinese word 红色then connect it with the image the color. Or we may directly connect the word “red” with the image of the color. Structural linguistic The word “red” consists three characters that is r,e,d; it is an adjective, and it can be used to refer to a color Describing methods In describing methods, the difference between a philosophy of language teaching at the level of theory, principle, procedure and design is central. In order to clarify this difference, try to identify the conceptions is the first thing we should do. Definitions Approach Method Technique Design Procedure Approach Approach refers to theories abut the nature of language and language learning that serve as the source of practices and principles in language teaching. It contains theory of language and theory of language learning. (theoretical basis) Theory of Language There are three different theoretical views of language. Structural View Functional view Interaction vie