第3章 数据和信号.pptVIP

* 《数据通信原理》倪维桢 主编 人民大学出版社 第三章 基带传输：不搬移信号频谱的传输方式 （由于都是从0Hz开始）同一时间同一点上只能传输一路信号（不使用载波） In case shorter transmission distance such as LANs, digital signals are, in general, directly transmitted, not by means of modulation and demodulation. It‘s called as baseband transmission (基带传输). Baseband signal: has all the frequencies from 0 Hz to the highest frequency component with significant power. - unmodulated, analog or digital.　P131 Baseband: frequency band occupied by signals not modulated 　(from 0 Hz to …) Baseband transmission: a signal transmission mode which needn’t to shift signal spectrum Communication in which the wire or line carries one signal at a time (Don’t use carrier) * 《数据通信原理》倪维桢 主编 人民大学出版社 第三章 信号传输的基本方法 与此相应，另外一些通道，比如在复用通道、无线通道和光通道中，数字基带信号则必须经过调制，将信号频谱搬移到高频处才能在通道中传输，调制的定义：将输入信号m(t)与频率为fc的载波信号合并的过程。调制后产生的信号s(t)的带宽以fc为中心。 In such channels as multiplexing, wireless or optic, digital (baseband) signals must be modulated , that is, signal spectrum must be shifted to some higher frequency bands before the signals transmitted over the channel. It‘s called as broadband transmission(频带传输/宽带传输). At the end of transmitter, the spectrum of a baseband signal is, by modulation, shifted to other proper carrier frequency band, and then recovered to the original baseband signal at the end of receiver. Communication in which the wire or line can transmit several data streams simultaneously (By means of carrier). Carrier (载波)：frequency chosen to compatible with the transmission media being used * Figure 3.20 Baseband transmission using a dedicated medium * * 带宽与数据率的关系 该方波由无限个频率成分构成，故具有无限带宽。 该方波的大部分能量集中在前三个频率成分中。 按振幅比例不断增加f的奇数倍正弦波，得到的波形与方波越来越相近。 This waveform has an infinite number of frequency components and hence an infinite bandwidth. Most of the energy in this waveform is in the first three frequency components. As we add additional odd multiples of f, the resulting waveform approaches that of a square wave more and more closely. * Simulating a digital signal wi