托福口语中比较经的外来词.docxVIP

智课网TOEFL备考资料 托福口语中比较经典的外来词   Karaoke 卡拉OK  Language of Origin: Japanese  来源语：日语【 托福 口语】  About the Word:  It comes from the Japanese kara (empty) + ōke, short for ōkesutora (orchestra).  该词来源语日语的kara(空的)和ōke(“乐团”的缩写)，即“空荡荡的乐团”。  Karaoke became popular in Japan among businessmen in the late 1970s, and gainedwidespread popularity in the U.S. in the late 1980s.  上世纪70年代后期，卡拉OK开始在日本商务人士当中流行起来，上世纪80年代后期盛行于美国。  Kowtow 屈从、献媚  汇集梦想的力量，积累榜样的经验……你来与不来，我都在这里。现在准备好了么?  Language of Origin: Chinese  来源语：汉语【 托福口语 】  About the Word:  It comes from the Chinese kòutóu – kòu (to knock) plus tóu (head) – and originallyreferred to kneeling and touching ones head to the ground as a salute or act of worship to arevered authority.  该词来源语汉语里的“叩头”一词，即以双膝跪地、头触地的形式对权重人士表示尊敬。  The noun arrived in English in the early 1800s, and within a few decades had taken on thefawn or suck up verb meaning we use today.  该词在19世纪早期被吸纳进英语词汇，后来几十年间，该词在英语中的意思逐渐固定为“巴结、献媚”。  Ketchup 番茄酱  Language of Origin: Malay  来源语：马来语  About the Word:  This all-American condiment started out as a spicy, fermented fish sauce in Malaysia.  如今已成为美国标志性佐料的番茄酱最开始在马来西亚起源时其实是一种带辣味的发酵鱼露。  That version, known as kěchap, made its way first to Europe and then to the New World,where tomatoes eventually became the defining ingredient.  那种鱼露的名字叫kěchap，最先传到欧洲，然后才到达美洲新大陆，在那里，kěchap的主料逐渐变成了番茄。  Elsewhere, ketchup retains an earlier identity. Traditional English ketchup, for example, is apureed seasoning based on mushrooms, unripe walnuts, or oysters.  在其他国家，番茄酱仍然保留原来的配料。例如，传统的英式番茄酱是由蘑菇、尚未成熟的核桃或牡蛎制成的酱料。  Hazard 危险  Language of Origin: Arabic  来源语：阿拉伯语【托福口语】  About the Word:  Hazard dates to the time of the Crusaders and involves a game of chance.  Hazard一词的来源要追溯到十字军东征时期，与投机游戏有关。