英语科技文献的词汇特点与翻译解析.pptVIP

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英语科技文献的词汇特点与翻译解析.ppt

英语科技文献的词汇特点与翻译 英语科技文献的词汇特点与翻译 Kirsten Qi Hebei University of Engineering 词汇特点 (一)新词层出不穷 Google Email Cybersurf Webzine Cyberphobia 3G GPRs bluetooth DSL Bioinformatics proteomics 计算机网络领域 YouTube把视频上传到网上 Cybersquatting 抢注域名 Net neutrality 网络中立性 Phish网络钓鱼 Cyber-interaction 网络互动 Webcasting网络播放 人力资源领域 HER电力化人力资源管理 HRM人力资源管理 E-recruite电子化招聘 Tele-office远程办公 Executive recruiters 猎头公司 Blue type 硬文化 Flextime弹性工作制 Green type 软文化 商务领域 Viral marketing病毒性营销 E-tailing 电子零售 E-journal 电子期刊 (二)词汇构成多元化 (1)借用 robot机器人 Cassette盒式磁带 Sputnik人造卫星 Brazilian pebble石英水晶 Xerox静电复印机 Diesel engine 柴油机 (2)compounding合成法 English technical terms formed by compounding generally take three forms: combining with a hyphen (e. g. salt-former 卤素, pulse-scaler 脉冲定标器) without hyphen (e.g. fallout 放射性尘埃, waterlock 水闸, thunderstorm 雷暴) two or more separate words forming a word combination (e. g. verbal translator 逐字翻译机, hover craft 气垫船, satellite antimissile observation system 卫星反导弹观察系统). Software软件 Keydrive键控 Hot-press热压 Drug-fast耐药的 Aci-fast耐酸的 Brain-trust智囊团 (3)blending混成法 This is a variant of compounding, omitting the latter part of the first word and clipping off the first part of the second word. Masstige=mass+prestige 大众精品 smog = smoke + fog (烟雾) ·telex = teleprinter + exchange (电传打字交换) ·gravisphere = gravity + sphere (引力层 ) · medicare = medical + care (医疗保险) · biorhythm == biological +rhythm (生物节律) (4)截断法clipping Wiki=wikipedia Auto=automobile lab=laboratory (5)缩略法Acronym An acronym is a word made up from the first letters of the name of something 。 · ADP automatic data processing 自动化数据处理 · AIDS Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome · GSV guided space vehicle 有制导的航天器 · RAM random access memory 随机存取存贮器 (6)类比 Arm Crane悬臂式起重机 Bridge crane 桥式吊车 Cable crane 缆式起重机 Spike dog 道钉 Stop dog 止动器 Watchdog密码识别软件 (7)派生 Affixation: It is the most flexible means of forming new words and its potential of creation is almost boundless bio-(生命、生物), thermo-(热), electro-(电), aero-(空气) carbo-(碳), hydro-(水

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