Low-pressure gas chromatography.pptVIP

 Low-pressure gas chromatography YANG Jing Introduction Speeding up analysis has always been a need in gas chromatography (GC), because shorter analysis times provide higher throughput and reduced costs. In GC, the application of a vacuum-column outlet is an attractive way to speed up the analysis. Schematic of LP-GC  The LP-GC concept  Improving optimal linear velocity  Introduction of a microbore precolumn The use of short, megabore capillary columns combined with vacuum outlet may generate an increase of the pressure in the ion source of the MS system to a level exceeding the tolerable limit. microbore precolumn may serve also as a guard column  LP-GC applications Pesticides Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and other hydrocarbons Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) Plant and flower oils Organotin compounds Steroid estrogens Polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs)  Advantages of LP-GC 1、Using increased velocities and a shorter column, it is possible to reduce the analysis time； 2、LP-GC allows analytes to elute at much lower temperatures，elution temperatures can be with 30–60℃ lower；  Other attractive features of LP-GC 1. It is compatible with existing injection techniques and mass spectrometer analyzers. 2. Improvement in the peak shape in LP-GC will result in higher sensitivity 3. Lower elution temperatures of target analytes result in lower signal intensity of the column bleed 4. High sample loadability; 5. Megabore columns (0.53 mm i.d.) can take more stress than microbore capillaries. 6. Thermal degradation of labile analytes is reduced. Limitations of LP-GC 1. The high column-outlet flow might increase the pressure in the ion source of the mass spectrometer to a level exceeding the tolerable limit. optimum column-outlet flow-rates of a megabore column: 7–10 mL/min. maximum pumping capacity of MS: 5mL/min 2. Resolution efficiency of capillary columns operated at low pressure is lower. The number of theoretical plates will be lower for an