英汉对比翻译之物称与人称.pptVIP

英汉对比翻译之物称与人称 黄山学院 程汕姗 物称与人称 It has been noted with concern that the stock of books in the library has been declining alarmingly. Students are asked to remind themselves of the rules for the borrowing and return of books, and bear in mind the needs of other students. Penalties for overdue books will in the future be strictly enforced. 近来已注意到本馆存书惊人地减少，此事令人关切。现要求学生切记图书借还规则，并考虑其他学生的需要。今后凡借书逾期不还者，必将严格按章处罚。 物称与人称 英语常用非人称主语，汉语常用人称主语 What has happened to you? 你出了什么事啦？ An idea suddenly struck me. 我突然想到了一个主意。 Not a sound reached our ears. 我们没有听到任何声音。 物称与人称 无灵主语（inanimate subject）＋有灵动词(animate verb) Excitement deprived me of all power of utterance. 我激动得什么话也说不出。 The thick carpet killed the sound of my footsteps. 我走在厚厚的地毯上，一点声响都没有。 The forty years, 1840-80, brought almost ten million migrants to America. 从1840到1880的四十年间，近一千万人移民到了美国。 物称与人称 Friday started with a morning visit to the modern campus of the 22,000-student University of Michigan in nearby Ann Arbor, where the Chinese table tennis team joined students in the cafeteria line for lunch and later played an exhibition match. 星期五一早，中国乒乓球队就到安伯亚附近参观了拥有两万两千名学生的密歇根大学的一个现代化校区。他们和该校学生一起在食堂里排队买午餐，然后举行了一场表演赛。 物称与人称 人称代词“it”作主语。 It never occurred to me that she was so dishonest. 我从未想到她会这么不老实。 It’s only half an hour’s walk there. 走到那只要半个小时。 It is a good horse that never stumbles. 人有失误，马有失蹄。 物称与人称 英语常用被动式，采用物称表达法；汉语常用主动式，采用人称、泛称或隐称表达法。 A current search of the files indicates that the letter is no longer in this Bureau’s possession. It is noted that the letter was received two months ago, and after study, returned to your office. In view of the foregoing, it is regretted that your office has no record of its receipt. If the letter is found, it would be appreciated if this Bureau is notified at once. 物称与人称 我们最近查阅了卷宗，发现本局并无此信。可以肯定的是，我们于两个月前收到此信，仔细研读后，已寄还贵处。鉴于以上情况，贵处仍无收信记录，我们深感遗憾。如若你们找到此信，请速通知，本局将不胜感激。 Wrongs must be corrected when they are discovered. 发现了错