给水排水专业英语课件16.ppt

Unit 16Conventional wastewater Treatment Processes Conventional wastewater treatment consists of preliminary processes (pumping, screening, and grit removal), primary settling to remove heavy solids and floatable material, and secondary biological aeration to metabolize and flocculate colloidal and dissolved organics. 传统的废水处理包括初步处理（提升，筛选和除砂），初沉去除重金属固体和漂浮物质，二级曝气生物代谢和絮凝去除胶体和溶解的有机物。 Waste sludge drawn from these unit operations is thickened and processed for ultimate disposal (Fig.3~3). 从这些单元操作产生的污泥，被浓缩以便最终处理（图3?3）。 Preliminary Treatment Units The following preliminary processes can be used in municipal wastewater treatment: coarse screening (bar racks), medium screening, comminution, flow measuring, pumping, grit removal pre-aeration, flotation, flocculation, and chemical treatment. 以下初步处理可以在市政污水处理中使用：粗筛（格栅），中筛选，粉碎，计量泵，抽，预曝气除砂，气浮，絮凝和化学处理。 The latter three are not common in domestic wastewater treatment. These practices are sometimes dictated by the industrial pollutants in the municipal wastewater. 后三种在生活污水处理是不常见的。这些过程有时由城市污水所含的工业污染物决定。 Flotation is used to remove fine suspensions, grease and fats and is performed either in a separate unit or in a pre-aeration tank also used for grit removal. 气浮是用于去除细小悬浮物，油脂和脂肪，要么是在一个单独的处理单元或在预曝气池用于除砂。 If adequate pretreatment is provided by petroleum industries and meat-processing plants, flotation units are not required at a municipal facility. 在石油工业和肉类加工厂处理中，如果有足够的预处理，气浮单元在市政设施是不需要的。 Flocculation with or without chemical addition may be practiced on high-strength municipal wastes to provide increased primary removal and prevent excessive loads on the secondary treatment processed. 无论有没有化学添加剂的絮凝过程，高浓度的市政污水必须经过足够的预处理，防止在二级处理中有过度负荷。 Chlorination of raw wastewater is sometimes used for odor control and to improve settling characteristics of the wastes. 原水的氯化有时用于气味控制和提高废物的稳定特性。 Primary Treatment Units? Primary treatment is sedimentation. In common usage, though the term includes the preliminary treatment processes. 主