延迟焦化超低循环比生产存在问题和对策.pdfVIP

中文摘要 随着焦化原料油变重变差和对重油吃干榨净要求的不断提高，焦化装置 采用降低循环比的操作方法达到提高装置加工能力和总液体收率的目的。由 于超低循环比生产时加热炉炉管结焦速率上升，分馏系统操作出现问题，同 时装置有可能产生弹丸焦，因此，国内焦化装置很难将循环比稳定控制在 0.10以下。本文通过低循环比生产问题分析，在生产优化、工艺技术及设备 改造等方面采取了一系列有效的对策，为装置长期稳定实施超低循环比生产 以获取最大的经济效益奠定基础。 关键词：延迟焦化； 超低循环比； 总液体收率 II ABSTRACT Because raw oil becomes heavy and must be used completely in coking unit, the processing capacity and the total liquid yield was increased by reducing recycle ratio in the delayed coking unit in Sinopec Luoyang Company. Due to increasing the coking rate in furnace tube, operational problems were exposed in fractionation system of downstream, meanwhile, the unit might produce the bullet coke. It is hard, therefore, to control the recycle ratio below 0.10 steadily in most of domestic delayed coking unit. This paper analyzed the issues in production and designed a series of effective countermeasures in optimization of process, reformation of technology and modification of equipments. The conclusion made a solid foundation for maximum economic benefits from delayed coking unit in long-term and stable operation at super-low recycle ratio. Keywords: delayed coking; super-low recycle ratio; total liquid yield。 III 目 录 前 言 1 第一章 文献综述 3 1.1 延迟焦化工艺在炼油厂重油深加工中作用 3 1.2 延迟焦化工艺特点 3 1.2.1 技术成熟、对原料适应性强 3 1.2.2 产品的灵活性 4 1.2.3 通过调节温度、压力和循环比等参数增加操作弹性 4 1.3 延迟焦化工艺流程 5 1.4 延迟焦化基本参数 12 1.4.1 原料性质 12 1.4.2 操作温度 12 1.4.3 操作压力 13 1.4.4 循环比　 14 1