科技型中小企业技术创新基金汇总.pptVIP

revised 1/29/2007 ECEN5043 SW Eng of Multiprogram Systems, University of Colorado revised 1/29/07 ECEN5043 Software Engineering of Multiprogram Systems University of Colorado, Boulder Multithreaded Programming ECEN5043 Software Engineering of Multiprogram Systems University of Colorado Lectures 5 6 The Essence of Multiple Threads Two or more processes that work together to perform a task Each process is a sequential program One thread of control per process Communicate using shared variables Need to synchronize with each other, 1 of 2 ways Mutual exclusion Condition synchronization Opportunities Challenges What kinds of processes to use How many How they should interact Key to developing a correct program is to ensure the process interaction is properly synchronized Focus Programs in most common languages Explicit concurrency, communication, synchronization Specify the actions of each process and how they communicate synchronize Asynchronous process execution Shared memory Single CPU and operating system Multiprocessing monkey wrench The solutions we will address this semester will presume a single CPU and therefore the concurrent processes share coherent memory A multiprocessor environment with shared memory introduces cache and memory consistency problems and overhead to manage it. A distributed-memory multiprocessor/multicomputer/network environment has additional issues of latency, bandwidth, etc. We focus on the first bullet in this semester. Recall A process is a sequential program that has its own thread of control when executed A concurrent program contains multiple processes so every one has multiple threads Multithreaded usually means a program contains more processes than there are processors to execute them A multithreaded software system manages multiple independent activities Why write as multithreaded? To be cool ? (wrong reason) Sometimes, it is easier to organize the code and data as a collection of processes than as a single huge sequential