牛顿的生平及成就英文简介.ppt

Newton’s Life And Chief Achievements * Life Introduction Newton, Sir Isaac (1642-1727), mathematician and physicist, one of the foremost scientific intellects of all time. Born at Woolsthorpe. During two to three years of intense mental effort he prepared Mathematical Principles of Natural Philosophy commonly known as the Principia, although this was not published until 1687. At the age of student, Newton had general gift as common people. However, he was into reading scientific books, especially mechanical books, and he often made some small but original things. From about 12 to 17 years old, Newton was king in middle school. On June 3, 1661, he entered the trinity college at Cambridge university. At that time, the college teaching is based on Aristotles theory, but Newton prefer to read some modern philosophers such as Descartes, Copernicus and Galileo, and Kepler astronomers more advanced ideas. Newton’s politics career. With the improvement of scientific reputation, Newtons political status has improved, too. Seats in 1669 was awarded the lucasian professor of mathematics, in 1689, he was elected to congress. Newton in 1689 to 1690 and is a member of the Royal Academy of sciences, 1701, in 1703 became President of the royal society, and for 24 years, only in the former President, Joseph Banks, is also a member of the French academy of sciences. In Optics The publication of Optics, largely written by 1692, was delayed by Newton until the critics were dead. The book was still imperfect: the colors of diffraction defeated Newton. Nevertheless, Optics established itself, from about 1715, as a model of the interweaving of theory with quantitative experimentation .  Telescope Newton used In Mathematics Newton made contributions to all branches of mathematics then studied, but is especially famous for his solutions to the contemporary problems in analytical geometry of drawing tangents to curves (differentiation) a