多轴低速车辆液转向系统设计1.32.docVIP

SHANDONGＵＮＩＶＥＲＳＩＴＹ　ＯＦ　ＴＥＣＨＮＯＬＯＧＹ 毕业论文 多轴低速车辆液压转向系统设计 学 院：交通与车辆工程学院 专 业： 交通运输 学生姓名： 王洪康 学 号： 0712101471 指导教师： 秦华 2011年6月摘 要 汽车转向系统是控制其行驶路线和方向的主要装置，其性能好坏直接影响汽车的操纵性和稳定性。自行式平板运输车的转向系统是集机械、电子、液压为一体的协同工作的控制系统，其转向机构的设计好坏直接影响转向控制系统的实现及转向性能的优劣。 本文根据车架结构特点及转向要求设计了液压马达驱动齿轮转向机构的转向方案，要求采用原来的悬架结构且保持低平板的优势将原来的从动式拉杆转向改成独立转向机构，工作时要求平板车的每个轮组独立转向，转向角度可达到180°，即可以正负转向90°，实现横向行驶。它的转向行驶模式有：直行、斜行、横行，原地转向及行车转向等。由于车轮转向速度较慢，液压马达应选用低速大扭矩变量马达，并要满足方案中所需扭矩条件。 液压马达驱动齿轮转向机构采用的是行星外啮合齿轮传动。首先根据转向要求初步确定齿轮传动的主要参数，然后进行强度校核计算，最后确定了齿轮的所有参数，并选取了合适的润滑方式。 该齿轮转向机构优缺点：转向平稳、速度均匀一致易控制，不仅具有反应速度快、随动性好和转向角度大等特点, 而且可实现轮胎的纯滚动, 减小轮胎磨损和完成不同模式的转向, 使平板车具有较强的灵活性。但成本高、不宜锁定。 关键词：平板车，转向机构，行星齿轮，优化设计，变量Abstract The automobiles steering system is the main device that controls its drive routes and directions, whose performance will influence the yarage and stability of automobile directly. The steering system of self-propelled flat transporter is a control system which integrates mechanics, electronics and hydraulic pressure into a whole. How to design its steering mechanism will directly influence the realization and the quality of steering control system. According to the structure characteristics and the steering requests of automobile, A steering projects that a gear steering mechanism which is driven by hydraulic motor is designed. Required by using the original suspension structure and keeping low flat advantages of original ,we will turn follower type rod into independent steering mechanism, the work requirement each wheel of flat transporter steer independently, and steering angle can be reached 180 °, that is, plus or minus steering angle can be reached 90 °,and realize straight moving. Its driving mode include straight moving, oblique, spin and driving steering, etc. Due to the wheel steering slower, variable hydraulic motor with big torque and low speed should be chosen, and it will meet the torque requirement in this work. The steering m