大英语四级考试写作复习讲座.ppt

2.草拟提纲 围绕提示句 关键词 扩展提示句所提供的信息 记录 3、正文写作 结构： 首段：综述（引出话题） 中间段：分论点1（主题句，论据） 分论点2（主题句，论据） 末段:综述（总结全文，前后呼应） 4、检查修改 1.时态： 议论文?一般现在时 描述文?过去时 时态一致 2.主谓关系—单复数 3.人称一致 4.可数不可数 5.指代问题 6.冠词的用法 7.词组和短语的固定搭配 8.单词拼写 9.标点符号 1. 用词要简洁 能一个词表达清楚的意思， 就不要加上多余的成分， 另外还要注意不要造成意义上的重 复累赘。 如： What you have done is illegal under the law. What you have done is illegal. 2. 用词要多样 注意不要一味地重复使用某个词汇， 可适当转换成同义词或短语。 也不要一味地使用同一种词性，要学会使用不同的词性。 3. 多用朴素、易懂的词。太多生僻或华丽的辞藻很容易使阅卷老师困惑，起到负面作用。学生本身也容易使用不当。 Compare the Following Sentences We should use different ways to get to know the society. We ought to make use of various methods to get to know the society. We are supposed to take advantage of diverse means to get to know the society. There was only silence in the room There was nothing but silence in the room 选词的基本原则 尽量用四级范围内的积极的,活跃的,常用的词或词组. 尽量用表达最贴切,最生动,最有力的词或短语. 尽量用最符合所写话题,所用文体的词或表达. 最吸引眼球的词汇(eye-catching words). 二、组句 1．在写作中可以通过关联词语引导从句或并列句来体现句子的内部关系，也可适当使用分词结构和一些独立的短语或是插入语成分来代替从句，此外，句子之间还要注意指代、时态、语态、人称和数等方面的一致。如： Teenagers are pressured by school work and they are also encouraged by their peers, and under these, they resort to smoking, and sometimes they feel a little guilty. Pressured by school work and encouraged by their peers, teenagers often resort to smoking, though they feel a little guilty sometimes. 2. 句式要有变化，句式的变化会使文章内容丰富、语言生动，如主动句和被动句的搭配使用、适当穿插倒装句和强调句等特殊句式。加入插入语，非谓语动词，谚语格言等都是制造亮点句式的好方法。另外，不要一味地使用常见的“主语+谓语”的开头方式，可以适当搭配分词、副词等开头的句式。如： They say that people obtain most of their knowledge through reading extensively. They say that it is through reading extensively that people obtain most of their knowledge. 3. 句子表达要简洁 只要意思表达清楚，多余的词语就没有必要。有时考生为了凑字数，加上了一些不必要 的成分，导致语义含混不清，啰嗦冗长。如： I think Gone with the Wind is one of those good films which I enjoyed watching very much. Gone with the Wind is a film I enjoyed very much. 4. 不要总是以有生命的名词和人称代词开头。受汉语表达的影响，很多考生都喜欢以I, People, We等开头！！ Many people think birth control is quite necessary in China. It is widely / commonly thought / beli