生物分离工程-双语版 6.pptVIP

Chapter 6 Protein inactivations during novel bioseparation techniques I introduction 1 Bottlenecks in biotechnology: bioseparation and purification (1) As high as 90% of total cost (2) High purity 2 New consideration: (1) Improve previous purification strategies (2) Analyze and develop new more potential strategies 3 Purification techniques rules (1) Simple (2) Easily scalable (3) Low cost (4) Stability and conformation Bioseparation steps 1 Purification steps: (1) Removal of insolubles (2) Isolation of product (3) Purification (4) Polishing 2 Two techniques in this chapter (1) Reverse micelles extraction (2) Aqueous two-phase systems 3 For new techniques should be: (1) Screen (2) Develop (3) Analyze (4) Reject 4 Should not be: ignore or minimize importance of more established and developed techniques II liquid-liquid extraction Advantage (1) Large-scale processes (2) High throughputs (3) Easy to operate (4) Flexible milder conditions A No phase change B Energy-saving processes A Reverse micelles extraction 1 Reversible micelles are aggregates of surfactant molecules in organic solvents (1) Inner core of water (2) Inner layer made up of surfactant molecule with polar ionic groups (3) External layer composed of a hydrocarbon chain 2 W0: the mole ratio of the water to the surfactant 3 Affinity reverse micelles partition 4 Proteins partitioning factors (1) Volume of the two phases (2) Polar solvent (3) Ionic strength (4) pH (5) surfactants Example 6.1  Thermodynamic analysis of activity and  stability of globular proteins 1 Materials: lysozyme, ribonuclease A, cytochrome C 2 Method: scanning calorimetry (DSC) 3 W0 action (1) Glubular proteins exhibit a maximum of activity at W0 8-12 (2) Proteins stability will be decrease at more than optimum W0 (3) A monolayer of water around protein molecule is sufficient