Transmission Control Protocol (TCP).ppt

Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) Services The service provided by TCP is the reliable end-to-end transport of data between host processes. Multiplexing Connection management Data transport Special capabilities Error reporting Multiplexing and Logical Connections Connection Management A logical connection is endowed with certain properties that endure for the lifetime of the connection. A connection between two TCP users may be set up if: No connection between the two sockets currently exists Internal TCP resources are sufficient Both users has agrees to the connection Data Transport Full-duplex: both users may transmit any time Timely: a timeout with submitted data Ordered: TCP is stream oriented Labeled: all data transferred over the connection carries the associates security and precedence levels Flow controlled: prevent internal TCP congestion Error controlled: TCP makes use of a simple checksum Special Capabilities TCP supports two special capabilities associated with the transfer of data over an established connection: Data stream push (Send, Receive) Urgent data signaling (Urgent data is incoming in the data stream) Error reporting. Conditions in the internetwork environment for which TCP cannot compensate. TCP Segment Format TCP Segment Format SOURCE PORT (16 bits) : Identifies source port. DESTINATION PORT (16 bits) : Identifies destination port. SEQUENCE NUMBER (32 bits) : Sequence number of the first data octet in this segment, except when SYN is present. If SYN is present, it is the initial sequence number (ISN) and the first data octet is ISN+1. ACKNOWLEDGMENT NUMBER (32 bits) : A piggybacked acknowledgment. Contains the sequence number of the next octet that the TCP entity expects to receive. TCP Segment Format DATA OFFSET (4 bits) : Number of 32-bits words in the Header. RESERVED (6 bits) : Reserved for future use Flags (6 bits) : URG : Urgent pointer field significant ACK : Acknowledgment field significant PHS : Push function RST : Reset the conne