重型载货汽车的悬架系统结构的机械CAD图纸设计.doc

摘要 随着国民经济的高速发展，我国公路运输需求将在一段较长时间内保持持续增长。重型载货汽车品种多、应用广泛，在国民经济建设中发挥巨大作用。由于重型汽车工作条件比较恶劣、弯道多、坡路多、转弯半径小，车辆频繁转向与制动，并长期在满载、振动与冲击载荷下工作，振动都比较强烈。为保证车辆具有良好的高速行驶平顺性，实现质量高运输，并减小对路面的破坏程度，先进的车辆悬架技术在重型卡车上被广泛研究和采用。 悬架由弹性元件、导向装置、减器、缓冲块和横向稳定器等组成，囊式空气弹簧是弹性元件其中一种，它含有帘布层结构的橡胶气囊内冲入空气，并以空气为介质，利用空气可以压缩的特点来实现弹性作用。通过高度控制阀，来保证车身高度不随汽车载荷变化而变化，保证汽车的平顺性和稳定性。减振器是保证汽车在使用期限行驶平顺性的性能稳定的主要元件 ABSTRACT With the high-speed development of domestic economy,our nation’s road transportation will keep increasing quickly and continuously in a long period．Heavy trucks play an essential role in the economy construction for its merits，such as abundant sorts，comprehensive application．Usually the work conditions of the heavy truck is execrable，which is full of bend road，slope road；Truck must swerve with small radius，turn and brake high frequently，and it is also used under the condition of full—load vibration and striking,the vibration is serious，which is dangerous to drivers’body．In order to provide the heavy truck with high-speed ride comfort and quality of transit，at the same time decrease the disastrous impact to the roadadvanced vehicle suspension technology has been invesfigated applied extensively in heavy truck industry. Air suspension of elastic component, guiding device, shock absorber, transverse stabilizer blocks and a buffer, cystic components, such as air spring flexible components, it contains one layer structure of air curtain inside irruptive air, rubber and air as medium, the characteristics of air can be compressed to achieve flexibility. Through the height valve body height, to ensure that no changes with the automobile loading, guarantee the stability and car ride. Car shock absorber is to ensure that the use of the performance period of ride comfort and stability of the main components. Key words：orientation device；air spring；height control valves；shock absorber 前言 1 1 绪论 2 1.1 悬架的概述 2 1.2 悬架的分类 4 1.3 重型载货汽车悬架系统目前的工作状况 5 1.4 悬架技术的研究现状及发展趋势 6 1.4.1悬架技术的研究现状 6 1.4.2悬架技术的发展趋势 6