英语讽喻手法论述.pptVIP

Allegory Allegory寓言/讽喻 Greek word allegoria, which means “speaking otherwise”. Allegory is a story either in verse(诗歌） or in prose（散文） with a double meaning: surface meaning—a story, and under-the-surface meaning—a hidden truth. Allegory[?l?g(?)r?] Allegory has no determinate length. It can be as long as a few words (as in some English proverbs), or as long as a whole passage or a whole novel. 讽喻,也叫寓言 这是一种源于希腊文的修辞法，意为“换个方式的说法“，是一种比暗 喻更为委婉的比喻，它是一种形象的描述,具有双重性,表层含义与真 正意味的是两回事。作用：建立在假借过去或别处的事例与对象之上， 传达暗示，影射或者讥讽现世各种现象的含义。 In allegories, names of the characters and places are often symbols of certain qualities. In Banyan’s Pilgrim’s Progress, from the names of the characters “Christian”（基督徒，信徒 ）, “Mr. Blind-man”, ‘Mr. No-good”, the names of places “Vanity Fair（浮华世界 ）”, “Celestial City（天国 ）”, we can easily understand the meaning behind these names.  Make the hay while the sun shines. 表层含义：趁着出太阳的时候晒草 真正意味：趁热打铁,抓紧时机 No rose without a thorn. 表层含义：凡是玫瑰都有刺 真正意义：任何美好的东西和事物都不是完美的（“玫瑰”代表美好的事物，“刺”代表缺陷和痛苦） It’s time to turn swords into ploughs. 表层含义：化剑为犁的时候已经到了 真正意义：该结束战争重建家园了（“剑”代表战争，“犁”代表和平建设） E.g. Strike the iron while it is hot More Examples Laugh and the world laughs with you; Weep and you weep alone. 表层含义：笑时万众附和，哭时独自垂泪 真正意义：世态炎凉 Cast pearls before swine. 表层含义： 把珍珠投在猪面前 真正意义：明珠暗投，对牛弹琴 Talk of an angel and you’ll hear his wings. 表层含义：你正在说天使的事情，你就听到了她翅膀闪风的声音 真正意义：说曹操曹操到 We can also say: speak of the devil Nothing will come of nothing.无风不起浪。Nothing venture,nothing win(or have or gain).不入虎穴，焉得虎子。Though the enemy seems a mouse,yet watch him like a lion.敌人即使小如鼠，防他也要如防狮。 Allegory is a story or visual image with a second distinct meaning partially hidden behind its literal or visible meaning. The principal technique of allegory is personification, whereby abstract qualities are given human shape, as in public statue of Liberty or Justice. The most famous religious allegory in English is Bunyan’s The Pilgrim’s Progress. The Pil