Making the news教案1.docVIP

GRAMMAR 倒装 【归纳】英语中，有时出于句子结构的需要或为了强调某一句子成分，通常把谓语或谓语的一部分放在主语之前，称为倒装。倒装分为完全倒装和部分倒装。 一、完全倒装 完全倒装通常是把句子的谓语全部置于主语之前。常见的完全倒装的情况有： 1. 表示地点的介词短语位于句首且主语为名词而谓语为不及物动词时。如： From the window came the beautiful sound of music. On the table stood two glasses and an empty bottle. 2. out, in, up, down, off, here, there, now, then等副词位于句首且主语为名词时。如： Down fell half a dozen apples. Here comes the bus. 注意：主语为人称代词时，主语和谓语的语序不变。如： Here she comes! 3. 在there be结构中。如： There is a man at the door who wants to see you. 4. 作表语的形容词、过去分词等位于句首且主语为名词时。如： Present at the meeting were Professor Smith, Professor Brown, Sir Hugh and many other famous people. Gone are the days when they could do what they liked to the people in the country. 二、部分倒装 部分倒装通常是把谓语的一部分（如助动词或情态动词）提到主语之前。常见的部分倒装的情况有： 1. 含有否定意义的副词或连词hardly, never, not, little, seldom, no longer, not only, not until等位于句首时。如： Hardly had he finished his work when the telephone rang. Little did I realize I would one day be in charge of the office. 注意：  = 1 \* GB3 ①not only ... but also ... 连接两个并列分句时，如果not only位于句首，则前一分句倒装，后一分句仍然用陈述语序。如： Not only did he complain about the food, but he also refused to pay for it.  = 2 \* GB3 ②not until后跟状语从句位于句首时，从句不倒装，后面的主句倒装。如： Not until she spoke did I realize she wasn’t English. 2. only所修饰的副词、介词短语或状语从句位于句首时。如: Only then did she realize the stress he was under. Only in this house do I feel safe and secure. Only because there were some cancelled bookings did he get some tickets in the end. 注意：如果only修饰主语位于句首时，句子不倒装。如： Only a few students got the answer to this question right. 3. so, neither, nor引起的句子，表示前面的情况也适用于另一人（或物）时。如： I like singing and so does Helen. James didn’t attend the meeting and neither did Jane. 4. as引导让步状语从句时。此时常将表语、状语或动词提前，构成倒装。如： Strange as it may seem, the tallest boy is the youngest. Try as he might, he couldn’t open the box. 5. 在so / such ... that结构中，so或such置于句首时。此时so或such后的形容词或副词等随之前移。如： So much did he worry about his sister that he couldn’t sleep at night. Such a loud voice did he speak in tha