讨论和结论Writingdiscussionsandconclusion探析.ppt

Lecture Eight;Topics to be covered;Writing Discussion Part;Functions of Discussion chapters The discussion chapter is where the student should move beyond their data and integrate the result of their study with existing theory and research. The logical arrangement of this part is of primary importance. Be sure you support and analyze your points with adequate evidence, reasons, examples, facts, etc. A good Discussion chapter typically contains the following: An overview of the significant findings of the study;;A consideration of the findings in the light of existing research studies; Implications of the study for current theory (except in purely applied studies); A careful examination of findings that fail to support or only partly support the hypotheses outlined in the study; Limitations of the study that may affect the validity效度, credibility信度or the generalizability归纳性of the results; Recommendations for further research; Implications of the study for professional practice or applied settings (optional).;Strategies for writing Discussion section write a sentence about all the things you know now that you didn’t know when they started the research. sort these sentences into groups. write heading for each of the groups of sentences. write sub-headings for each sentence in each group. use this as a framework for planning the Discussion chapter.;The typical shape of the Discussion section The Discussion chapter is often in a kind of ‘reverse’ form from the Introduction section. That is, in the Introduction the prime focus is on previous research on the topic, with the student’s research taking a secondary focus. In the Discussion chapter, the student’s study is the primary focus and precious research the secondary focus. Here, previous research is used for confirmation, comparison or contradistinction (Swales 2004).;Some examples: The structure of the Discussion chapters by Hopkins et al.(10 steps) background information; statement of results; (un) expect