专八人文常识.docVIP

专八真题人文常识‘词汇学’部分积累 2001 38. ___is the study of how sentences are structured. [A]Linguistics [B]Syntax语法，句法 [C]Phonology [D]Phonetics 39. ___distinguishes the linguistic competence of the speaker and the actual phenomena or data of linguistics as langue and parole. [A]Chomsky [B]Saussure [C]Gilman [D]Brown 40.Of the following words, ___is an acronym. [A]Marlboro [B]UN [C]Laser [D]WTO 2002 A ___act is the act of saying something. [A]illocutionary 言外行为的[B]locutionary言内行为的 [C]perlocutionary 语效性的[D]locational The prefixpseudo-as in pseudoscienceand pseudoclassichas a __shade of meaning. [A]poetic [B]euphemistic委婉的 [C]pejorative轻蔑的 [D]ameliorative改善的 Of the following word-formation processes,__is the best productive. [A]conversion [B]derivation [C]initialism [D]reduplication 2003 The term transformational-generative grammar was introduced into linguistics in the mid-1950s by [A]Leonard Bloomfield [B]Edward Sapir [C]Noam Chomsky [D]Michael Halliday. In terms of oppositeness of meaning,___is a pair of conversives. [A]longandshort [B]presentandabsent [C]sellandbuy [D]deadandalive The word“marshal”used to meana horse tender;now it means an officer of the highest rank.The word has undergone a sort of semantic change called__ [A]elevation [B]degeneration [C]extension [D]restriction 2004. The___view of language acquisition holds that children are born with an innate ability to acquire languages of a specific type. [A]behaviourist [B]nativist本土文化保护者 [C]structuralist [D]psycholinguist The basic part of the lexical meaning of a word is often termed its__meaning. [A]social [B]stylistic [C]connotative内涵的 [D]denotative外延的 ___first proposed the Speech Act Theory. [A]Searle [B]Austin [C]Grice [D]Halliday 2005. Syntax is the study of [A]language functions [B]sentence structures [C]textual organization [D]word formation Which of the following is NOT a distinctive feature of human language? [A]Arbitrariness