翻译文献Understanding the Messaging Paradigm.docVIP

大连交通大学2016届本科生毕业设计（论文）外文翻译 外文原文 Chapter 1. Understanding the Messaging Paradigm Computers and people can communicate by using messaging systems to exchange messages over electronic networks. The most ubiquitous messaging system today is email, which facilitates communication among people. While email is an important human-to-human messaging system, this book is not about email. Instead, this book is concerned with messaging systems that allow different software applications to communicate with each other. These application-to-application messaging systems, when used in business systems, are generically referred to as enterprise messaging systems, or Message-Oriented Middleware (MOM). Enterprise messaging systems allow two or more applications to exchange information in the form of messages. A message, in this case, is a self-contained package of business data and network routing headers. The business data contained in a message can be anything—depending on the business scenario—and usually contains information about some business transaction. In enterprise messaging systems, messages inform an application of some event or occurrence in another system. Using Message-Oriented Middleware, messages are transmitted from one application to another across a network. MOM products ensure that messages are properly distributed among applications. In addition, MOMs usually provide fault tolerance, load balancing, scalability, and transactional support for enterprises that need to reliably exchange large quantities of messages. MOM vendors use different message formats and network protocols for exchanging messages, but the basic semantics are the same. An API is used to create a message, give it a payload (application data), assign it routing information, and then send the message. The same API is used to receive messages produced by other applications. In all modern enterprise messaging systems, applications exchange messages through virtual channels called destinations. When