PWM论文：基于变PWM及同步技术的大功率音频放大器的设计.docVIP

PWM论文：基于变频PWM及同步技术的大功率音频放大器的设计 【中文摘要】低失真、高效率是对大功率放大器提出的普遍要求。模拟功率放大器通过采用优质元件、复杂的补偿电路和深度负反馈等方法,可以使失真变得很小,但高效率一直没有得到很好地解决。而工作在开关状态下的D类功率放大器却很容易实现高效率。现有的D类放大器一般采用PWM控制技术,放大器输出的音频信号等于经过调制的PWM信号通过扬声器后的信号,因此,PWM调制器的性能将直接影响到D类放大器的保真度。理论上音频功率放大器的PWM调制器的载波频率越高,音质效果就越好。但是,过高的载波会带来功率管上的损耗加大以及功率管上安装的散热片体积增大等问题。这个问题在大功率千瓦级功放上体现得更加严重,如同样损耗1%,1W的小型功放其损耗仅为10mW,而千瓦大功率音频功放的损耗可以达到10W,并且,10mW的损耗基本不需要安装散热片,而10W所需的散热片体积为6CM3。本学位论文所要设计的D类大功率音频放大器主要用于工业用千瓦级功率报警系统,该功放的音质要求比专业音频功放低,但对效率及体积的要求较高。因此,本文通过变频PWM技术将载波频率分为三个频率点f1、f2和f3,且f1f2f3。根据不同时段的信号幅度的变化程度,采用不同的载波频率进行调制,既可以保证音质效果等同于载波频率为f3时所获得的效果,又可以进一步降低功耗。此外,为了避免作为音频功率放大器提供能量的开关电源成为音频功率放大器在音质上的干扰源,本文利用同步技术设计开关电源的频率始终保持与音频功率放大器的f1保持同频同相。 【英文摘要】With high-quality components, complicated compensation circuit and strong negative feedback, Analog Power Amplifier can make the distortion be very low, however, the high efficiency has not been solved perfectly all the time, while the Class-D power amplifier under working, it is easy to achieve high efficiency.The PWM control technique is generally adopted in current Class-D amplifier. The sound signal output from amplifier equals to the modulated PWM signal. Thus, the function of PWM modulator can directly affects the fidelity of Class-D amplifier. Theoretically, the higher the carrier frequency of PWM modulator of audio amplifier, the better the acoustical effect is. Nevertheless, the exorbitant carrier brings about the matter of increasing the loss of the power tube, as well as the matter of enlarging the volume of thermal slug installed on the power tube. This problem reflects more serious on kilowatt high power amplifier. For example, a small power amplifier losing 1% just loses 10mW, in contrast, a kilowatt high power amplifier can reach to 10W. Moreover, the loss of 10mw doesn’t need to install thermal slug, while the loss of 10W needs to install a volume of 6CM3 thermal slug.The Class-D high power audio frequency amplifier designed in