从培根《论读书》和王佐良译本中看英汉翻译技巧总结.pptVIP

从培根《论读书》和王佐良译本中看英汉翻译技巧;引言;一、原文及译文简介;翻译技巧;例如：（1）Their chief use for delight, is in privateness and retiring;for ornament, is in discourse; and for ability, is in the judgment,and disposition of business.（名词-动词） 译文:其怡情也,最见于独处幽居之时;其傅彩也,最见于高谈阔论之中;其长才也,最见于处世判事之际。 例如：(2) Studies serve for delight, for ornament, and for ability.（名-动） 译文:读书足以怡情,足以傅彩,足以长才。 评语：王先生在翻译时,充分发挥了汉语的动词优势,即把英语中的一些名词和介词转换成汉语的动词或动词结构式。比如名词译成动词的有: delight, ornament, ability分别译为动词“怡情,傅彩,长才”; privateness and retiring, discourse, the judgment,and disposition of business分别译为动词“独处幽居、高谈阔论、处世判事”。 ;例如：（3）Reading maketh a full man; conference a ready man; and writing an exact man.. (名词词组→形容词) 译文： 读书使人充实，讨论使人机智，笔记使人准确。 例如：（4）Their chief use for delight, is in privateness and retiring;for ornament, is in discourse; and for ability, is in the judgment,and disposition of business.（介词-动词） 译文:其怡情也,最见于独处幽居之时;其傅彩也,最见于高谈阔论之中;其长才也,最见于处世判事之际。;语态变换法 The Change of The Voices 语态（voice）是语言借助动词表示主语与谓语关系的一种形 式，包括主动语态和被动语态两种。在英语语言中，凡是不 必说出主动者、不愿说出主动者、无从说出主动者或是为了 便于连贯上下文等场合都可以使用被动。与英语相比，汉语 主动句使用较多，被动句使用较少，其使用范围相对而言也 要狭窄得多。 因此在英汉互译中，要经常变换语态，以使译文符合习惯用 法，显得地道而自然。;例1.They perfect nature, and are perfected by experience: for natural abilities are.....and studies themselves do give forth directions too much at large, except they be bounded in by experience. 译文:读书补天然之不足,经验又补读书之不足，盖天生才干....而书中所示，如不以经验范之,则又大而无当。 例2.Some books are to be tasted, others to be swallowed, and some few to be chewed and digested; that is, some books are to be read only in parts; others to be read, but not curiously; and some few to be read wholly, and with diligence and attention. 译文:书有可浅尝者,有可吞食者,少数则须咀嚼消化。换言之,有只须读其部分者,有只须大体涉猎者,少数则须全读,读时须全神贯注,孜孜不倦。;例3. Some books also may be read by deputy, and extracts made of them by bothers........else distilled books are, like common distilled waters, flashy things. 译文:书亦可请人代读,取其所作摘要.......否则书经提炼犹如水经蒸馏，淡而无味。 　 评论：原文属于论说文体,含有丰富的信息，因此比较频繁的使 用了被动句。在全文16句中，被动句共计5句，而且主要为结构 被动句，表现形式也多样，包含限定动词的被动式( are perfected by) ,非限定动词的被动式( to