02HarbinandHarbinPeople哈尔滨和哈尔滨人分析.ppt

A Brief Introduction of Harbinand Its People Kedong (Roy) Liu 刘克东 Professor of English School of Foreign Languages Harbin Institute of Technology E-mail:rjoykliu@hit.edu.cn Harbin, a city of history “哈尔滨”这个城市名，也有着多种多样的解释，有的说是蒙语“平地”的意思，有的说是什么什么语，是“晒网场”的意思，也有的说哈尔滨是“阿勒锦”的谐音，是女真语“光荣”与“荣誉”的意思。 There are several explanations of the meaning of “Harbin” 1.Mongolian language, meaning “plain.” 2. “court to dry fishnet.” 3. Manchu language, meaning “glory.” Harbin, a city of history 22000年前，哈尔滨地区就有人类活动。 About 22000 years ago, human being started wandering on this land. Harbin, a city of history 哈尔滨地区是中国古老的民族之一肃慎族的地域，汉为挹娄，隋称革末，辽金明称女真。1635年，清太宗改女真为满洲。 The group of people was named as Sushen, Yilou in Han Dynasty, Gemo in Sui Dynasty, Nuzhen in Liao, and Manchu in Qing Dynasty in 1635. Harbin, a city of history 唐代，公元713年，唐玄宗册封革末等人为渤海郡王。故哈尔滨地区古称渤海国。 In AD 713， the Emperor of Tang Dynasty set up Bohai Kingdom as an Administrative Region around present Harbin. Harbin, a city of history 公元926年，渤海国为契丹所灭 公元947年，契丹改国号为辽 公元1115年，辽为金所灭 In AD926, Bohai Kingdom was destroyed by Qidan Kingdom. In AD 947, Qidan Kingdom named itself as Liao Kingdom. In AD 1115, Liao was destroyed by Jin Kingdom. Harbin, a city of history 囚禁徽钦二帝, 靖康元年(1126)闰十一月，金军破北宋都城汴梁(今河南开封)，北宋亡。次年五月金军虏徽钦二帝北返，初解至金上京城(今哈尔滨阿城市白城)，金天会八年(1130)改囚于五国城(今哈尔滨依兰县城北)。徽宗于1135年，钦宗于1156年，先后死于此。 “A forever shame of Chinese” Two of the emperors of Song dynasties were kept as prisoners in Acheng City, ( about 40 miles from Harbin), then the capital of Jin Kingdom from AD1127-1130.Then they were moved to Yilan city (about 100 miles from Harbin) and died in AD1135 and AD1156 respectively. Harbin, a city of history 元朝在此设立行省 During Yuan Dynasty，provincial administrations was set up in Harbin region. Harbin, a city of history 明永乐7年，（1409）并入辽阳行省，设胡里改路万户府。 In AD 1409, Harbin region was merged into Liao Yang Province. Harbin, a city of history 清代设府、道衙门1714年，（康熙53年） In AD 1714, a provincial administration was set up around this regi