Part-II-2.3-重组.分析.pptVIP

Part II DNA复制、突变、损伤和 修复、重组和转座;可遗传的变异:;DNA重组 (Recombination);Roles;2.3.1 同源重组; occur between sequences that are nearly identical;一. 同源重组的分子模式;Align two homologous DNA molecules;A more realistic model ;;Figure 19-9. A prototype mechanism for genetic recombination. (a) Two homologous double helices are shown. Each pair represents a chromatid and the two pairs represent two nonsister chromatids. The helices are aligned so that the bottom strand of the first helix has the same polarity as the top strand of the second helix. (b) Two parallel or two antiparallel strands are cut. (c) The free ends become associated with the complementary strands in the homologous double helix. (d) Ligation creates partly heteroduplex double helices, the Holliday structure. (e) Migration of the branch point is by continued strand transfer by the two polynucleotide chains taking part in the crossover. (f) Resolution can occur in one of two ways, which will be described in detail later. (After H. Potter and D. Dressler, Cold Spring Harbor Symposium on Quantitative Biology 43, 1979, 970. Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, NY.) ;;2. the Meselson-Radding model ( Matt Meselson and Charled Radding, 1975) ;3. Double-strand-break model (Szostak 1983) ;二. 参与同源重组的主要蛋白;RecA ;Three stages of participation of RecA in strand exchange;RecBCD 由RecB，RecC， RecD三个亚基组成； ;1. RecBCD protein nicks one strand to the 3’-side of the chi site.;Chi位点 5‘ GCTGGTGG 3’ 3‘ CGACCACC 5’; RuvA ; RuvA和RuvB催化branch migration ;RuvB; RuvC （resolvase) ;三. 同源重组的分子机制;6. RecBCD nicks the looping-out strand. RecA and SSB helps strand exchange.;四. 真核生物的同源重组;五. 通过同源重组进行基因敲除;2.3.2 位点特异性重组;The steps and features ;between two DNA moleculars;The structure of recombinase recognition site;Inverted repeats;Inverted repeats;Inverted repeats;2.3.3 转座重组;一. 原核生物的转座子;;（二）complex transposon;（三）composite transposon;● The IS elements may