二、何为项目管理技巧.pptVIP

Unit two What is Project Management? ; ; Generally, project management is distinguished from the general management of corporations by the mission-oriented nature of a project .A project organization will generally be terminated when the mission is ccomplished. According to the Project Management Institute, the discipline of project management can be defined as follows:; Project management is the art of directing and coordinating human and material resources throughout the life of a project by using modern management techniques to achieve predetermined objectives of scope , cost , time , quality and participation satisfaction. ; By contrast, the general management of business and industrial corporations assume a broader outlook with greater continuity of operations. Nevertheless, there are sufficient similarities as well as difference between the two so that modern management techniques developed for general management may be adapted for project management.; The basic ingredients for a project management framework may be represented schematically in Figure 2-1. A working knowledge of general management and familiarity with the special knowledge domain related to the project is indispensable. Supporting disciplines such as computer science and decision may also play an important role .In fact, modern management practices and various special knowledge domains have absorbed various techniques or tools which were once identified only with the supporting disciplines. ;Figure 2-1 Basic Ingredients in Project Management; For example, computer-based information systems and decision support systems are now common-place tools for general management. Similarly, many operations research techniques such as linear programming and network analysis are now widely used in many knowledge or application domains. Hence, the representation in Figure 2-1 reflects only the sources form which the project management framework evolves.;;1. Specification of proj