introductiontomedicalterms要点.pptVIP

Introduction to Medical Terminology 医学词基本结构 读音规律 略语 外来语 缩短词和元音字母的增减(拉丁语) objectives De?ne the terms root, suf?x, and pre?x. Breaking down of medical terms Construction of medical terms Analyze a case study with regard to some concepts of medical terminology. Pronounce words according to the pronunciation guide. Medical terminology Breaking down of medical terms Construction of medical terms Common components Word root ：word base，word stem 词根或词干 Prefix ：word beginning 词首，又称前缀 Suffix ：word ending 词尾，又称后缀 Combining vowel ：连接元音 词素 ：a.词根 b.词缀 词根： a.自由词根（free root）-自由形式 b.粘着词根 词缀：a.派生词缀---前缀和后缀（粘附形式） b.屈折词缀（-er，-ed，-ing） Important word parts: Root--give the essential meaning of the term. Suffix—is the word ending. Prefix– is a small part added to the beginning of the term. Combining vowel—connects roots to suffixes and roots to other roots. Combining form– is the combination of the root and combining vowel. For example, the term hematology is divided into three parts: hematology Root combining suffix (blood) vowel (study of) When you analyze a medical term, begin at the end of the word. The ending is called a suffix. All medical terms contain suffix. The letter O has no meaning of its own, but is an important connector between the root and suffix. The combining vowel plus the root is called a combining form. For example, there are two combining forms in the word ELECTROCARDIOGRAM , these combining forms are ELECTR/O and CARDI/O. Combining vowel : -o-, -I- , -a-、-e-. 以O最多，I次之，很少用U。 Cholestasia ：胆汁淤积 Pentaene：五烯 Virucide：杀病毒剂 注：同一词根使用两个不同的组合元音，构成不同组合形式的现象，表示相同意义词汇。 组合元音像switchyard，使各种医学理念得以组装、发送（构成术语）。 联合形 不是独立的词素，而是两个词素的联合形式，或者是词根加连接元音。联合形作用有三方面： 1.比词根容易读音 如：gastr- 加 o 2.因为读音教易，记忆也方便得多 3.多数由连接