Hypothalamus下丘脑试题.pptxVIP

Endocrine Functions of Hypothalamus Presented by: Gao Ye, Group3 SMMU IMSPQ Training Course June 18th , 2015 Endocrine Physiology Endocrine Physiology Anatomical Structure of Hypothalamus Endocrine Physiology Hypothalamic-Pituitary Relationship To Posterior Pituitary 1, The axons of supraoptic and paraventricular nuclei stretch out to the posterior lobe of the pituitary 2, synthetize ADH and Oxytocin 3, transport to pituitary throw axoplasmic transportation 4, release hormones when neurons are activated Endocrine Physiology Hypothalamic-Pituitary Relationship To Anteroir Pituitary 1, Both neural and humoral Neural– the secretion of parvicellular neurons such as Arcuate nuclei to the median eminence Humoral—transport of hypothalamic hormones to anterior pituitary through hypophysial portal system 2, secret HRP (3 pairs 3 single) regulate the secretion of pituitary Endocrine Physiology TRP Thyrotropin-releasing hormone(TRH) Gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) Corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH) Growth hormone releasing hormone (GHRH) Growth hormone releasing-inhibiting hormone (GHRIH) Prolactin releasing factor (PRF) Prolactin release-inhibiting hormone (PIH) Melanophore-stimulating hormone releasing factor (MRF) Melanophore-stimulating hormone release-inhibiting factor (MIF) Endocrine Physiology What will happen to the anterior pituitary in absence of the control of hypothalamus？ Secretory rate will decrease except Prolactin. Three examples Endocrine Physiology GHRH GHIH Long loop Short loop Utrashort loop feed back At basal level: GHRHGHIN cAMP cAMP Short-term effect: Ca2+ Long-term effect: Transcription Endocrine Physiology PRF PIF At basal level: PIFPRF PIF: dopamine—a kind of catecholamine Hyperpolarization of cells decreased by suck of babies Endocrine Physiology GnRH Endocrine Physiology Daily Rhythmicity suprachiasmatic nucleus Pineal body Melatonin H. Parvicellular neurons HRP GH Cortisol