英国文学维多利亚时期要点.docxVIP

(一) The Victorian Age ? General Introduction a) Period an Eras in English history Anglo-Saxon655–1066 Norman1066–1154 Plantagenet1154–1485 Tudor1485–1603 Elizabethan1558–1603 Stuart1603–1714 Jacobean1603–1625 Caroline1625–1649 Interregnum1649–1660 Restoration1660–1688 Georgian1714–1830 Victorian1837–1901 Edwardian1901–1910 World War I1914–1918 Interwar1918–1939 World War II1939–1945 Modern1945–present ? Brief intro: The Victorian Period revolves around the political career of Queen Victoria. She was crowned in 1837 and died in 1901 (which put a definite end to her political career). A great deal of change took place during this period--brought about because of the Industrial Revolution; so its not surprising that the literature of the period is often concerned with social reform. As Thomas Carlyle (1795-1881) wrote, The time for levity, insincerity, and idle babble and play-acting, in all kinds, is gone by; it is a serious, grave time. b) Victoria Period 1) Time Span ? The Victorian Period revolves around the political career of Queen Victoria. ? A new era really began with the passage of Reform Bill 1832 and closed at the end of Boer War in 1902. 2) Three phases ? The early Victorian period (1830~48): 多事之秋(A Time of Troubles) It saw the opening of Britain’s first railway and its first Reform Parliament, but it was also a time of economic distress. ? The mid-Victorian period (1848~70): 经济繁荣和宗教分歧的时期（Economic Prosperity and Religious Controversy） It was not free of harassing problems, it was a time of prosperity, optimism, and stability. ? The later period (1870~1901) : 由盛到衰过程的时期（Decay of Victorian Values） The costs of Empire became increasingly apparent, and England was confronted with growing threats to its military and economic preeminence. c) Queen Victoria and Victorian Temper ? Victoria was born in 1819.She came to the throne in 1837(aged 18), after the death of her uncle William IV, crowned in 1838 and died in 1901. ? She reigned for exactly 63 years, 7 month